Rails 4 - 在 jsonb 列中动态添加嵌套的 json 数据

Question

在我的 Ruby on Rails 4 应用程序中，我有一个名为 'deals_usage'.

的 jsonb 列

我想设置如下：

创建时
```
deals_usage= { }   
```
当用户加载 deal number2 视图（作为示例）时，属性值更改当前用户 deal_usage 的值
```
deals_usage= {
   { Deal 2 = { clicks_performed_by_user = 0, purchases_performed_by_user= 0 }
 }
```

然后，如果用户单击 Deal 中的某些内容，属性值将更改为：

deals_usage= {
   { Deal 2 = {clicks_performed_by_user = 1, purchases_performed_by_user= 0 }
}

因此，如果用户参与交易 2 并点击 1 次，参与交易 n°5 并购买 1 次，则 deal_usage 将是。

     deals_usage={ 
         { Deal 2 = { clicks_performed_by_user = 1, purchases_performed_by_user= 0},
           Deal 5 = {clicks_performed_by_user = 0, purchases_performed_by_user= 1}
      }

注意：增量只能是+1。如果用户点击：click+=1，如果用户购买，purchase+=1。在这个模式上，它很简单。

今天我没能做到。我下面的当前代码仅执行此操作：

创建时
```
 deals_usage= { }
```

我已经为它成功实现了一个jsonb列。

当用户加载交易编号 2 视图时（例如），它会为当前用户更改 deal_usage 的值
```
deal_usage= { { clicks_performed_by_user = 0, purchases_performed_by_user= 0} }
```

然后我管理每次点击和购买以增加它们的价值，这样如果用户点击任何交易，我得到

    deal_usage= { { clicks_performed_by_user = 1, purchases_performed_by_user= 0} }

但是如您所见，我不知道点击是针对哪个交易执行的。我不知道如何在活动记录中定义并在点击和购买发生时保存在数据库中，当涉及到每次交易时。

我认为其中一个挑战涉及创建一种动态商店访问器，因为交易的数量和 ID 各不相同，每个用户将参与不同的交易，等等...

这是我当前的代码

点击（但也包括购买）如下所示，使用 ajax（没有表格）

the_page.html

<!-- Click on one of the tracked areas for deals -->
<div id="deal-zone">  
        <span>
          <!-- caution: link below is not looking for click_inside_deal.html.erb, it's looking for click_inside_deal.js.erb -->
          <%= link_to image_tag("image.png"), click_inside_deal_path, remote: true %>
        </span>

  <% end %>
</div>

然后这个去Routes找click_inside_deal_path

Routes.rb

match '/deals/:id',
    to:   'deals#click_inside_deal',
    via:  'get',
    as:   :click_inside_deal # path for rake route pathes

然后这条路由指向 Deals 控制器 'click_inside_deal':

Deals_controller.rb

class DealsController < ApplicationController

def show_deal_page   
    @deal = Deal.friendly.find params[:id]
    #pass rails variables to js views with gon

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # showcase.html.erb
      format.json { render json: @deal }
    end      

  end 

def click_inside_deal
    @deal = Deal.friendly.find params[:id]
    current_user.increment_per_deal_clicks_performed_by_user

    respond_to do |format|
        format.js 
    end    
  end    
end
purchase click_inside_deal
    @deal = Deal.friendly.find params[:id]
    current_user.increment_per_deal_purchases_performed_by_user

    respond_to do |format|
        format.js { render :template => "deals/show_purchase_modal.js.erb" }
    end    
  end    
end

如您所见，没有表格，但我增加了点击次数并纯粹在 ajax 中购买并使用方法 increment_per_deal_clicks_performed_by_user

models/user.rb

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  rolify

  # postgresql JSON attributes accessors  
  store_accessor :deals_usage,
                  # how to put here that the 2 following accessors are for EACH deal the user participate in ?
                  :clicks_performed_by_user,
                  :purchases_performed_by_user

 def increment_per_deal_clicks_performed_by_user
      self.update_attribute(:clicks_performed_by_user, self.clicks_performed_by_user += 1) 
    end

 def increment_per_deal_purchases_performed_by_user
      self.update_attribute(:purchases_performed_by_user, self.purchases_performed_by_user += 1) 
    end

def set_default_clicks_performed_by_user
      self.clicks_performed_by_user         ||= 0
    end 

def set_default_purchases_performed_by_user
      self.purchases_performed_by_user      ||= 0
    end

点击后，会出现模态视图

click_inside_deal.js.erb （使用 hubspot 模态警报：http://github.hubspot.com/messenger/）

var msg;
msg = Messenger().post({

if xxx 
    message:  '<%= j render partial: "deals/failure" %>',
else
    message:  '<%= j render partial: "deals/description_of_deal" %>',
});

注意：我想保留此 jsonb 列而不使用 has_many/has_many 交易与点击或购买之间的关系

Answer 1

完全可以按你描述的方式存储JSON。例如：

{ 
"2" => { clicks_performed_by_user: 0, purchases_performed_by_user: 1 }, 
"3" => { clicks_performed_by_user: 0, purchases_performed_by_user: 1 }
}

其中数字是交易 ID。也就是说，有更好的方法。理想情况下，您应该创建一个 many_to_many 连接 table 与 user_id、deal_id 和您的两个计数列。请参阅此处的 3.3.2 http://guides.rubyonrails.org/association_basics.html

那你就可以用SQL来管理你的数据了，如果全部塞进JSON是不可能的。

=============================

跟进

编辑您的模型以存储数据：

def increment_per_deal_purchases_performed_by_user(deal_id)
    self.deals_usage[deal_id] ||= {}
    self.deals_usage[deal_id]["purchases_performed_by_user"] ||= 0
    self.deals_usage[deal_id]["purchases_performed_by_user"] += 1
end

Answer 2

我将为您提供一个利用 jsonb 和默认更新操作的答案，这样您就不必为此行为创建特定操作。我将在下面粘贴的代码可以解决您的问题，但还可以进一步改进（例如使用 Ajax）。希望我能帮上忙 ;)

数据库

假设 table "deals" 至少包含以下字段：

编号 | deals_usage *其中 deals_usage 是一个 jsonb 列
---------------------------------------------- ----------------------
1* | {"clicks_performed_by_user": 0, "purchases_performed_by_user": 0}
2* | {"clicks_performed_by_user": 0, "purchases_performed_by_user": 0}
3* | {"clicks_performed_by_user": 0, "purchases_performed_by_user": 0}
4* | {"clicks_performed_by_user": 0, "purchases_performed_by_user": 0}

*交易数量（您可以自定义此字段以使用其他字段）

迁移 (create_deals.rb)

class CreateDeals < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :deals do |t|

      ## Properties
      t.jsonb :deals_usage, null: false, default: '{"clicks_performed_by_user": 0, "purchases_performed_by_user": 0}'

      ## Timestamps
      t.timestamps null: false
    end

    ## Indexes
    add_index :deals, :deals_usage, using: :gin
  end
end

型号 (Deal.rb)

class Deal < ActiveRecord::Base
 after_initialize :add_field_accessors

  def add_store_accessor field_name
    singleton_class.class_eval {store_accessor :deals_usage, field_name}
  end

  def add_field_accessors
    num_fields = deals_usage.try(:keys).try(:count) || 0
    deals_usage.keys.each {|field_name| add_store_accessor field_name} if num_fields > 0
  end
end

查看（deals/edit.html.erb 或其他）

<%= form_for @deal do |f| %>
  <%= f.hidden_field :clicks_performed_by_user, :value => @deal.clicks_performed_by_user.to_i + 1 %>
  <%= f.submit "Click" %>
<% end %>

# I've separated the forms in order to become easier to understand, value is      
# passed trough an hidden field and we just let update do the rest.

# Of course you can still use your methods just point out :url to your actions
# and there set attribute with Object.update_attribute(:field, "value")

<%= form_for @deal do |f| %>
  <%= f.hidden_field :purchases_performed_by_user, :value => @deal.purchases_performed_by_user.to_i + 1 %>
  <%= f.submit "Purchase" %>
<% end %>

查看（没有form_for）

<!-- Click on one of the tracked areas for deals -->
<div id="deal-zone">  
  <span>
    <!-- leverage the update action with a link_to helper -->
    <%= link_to( "Click", deal_path(@deal, :deal => { :clicks_performed_by_user => @deal.clicks_performed_by_user.to_i + 1}), :method => :put) %>
  </span>
</div>

查看（含Ajax）

<!-- Click on one of the tracked areas for deals -->
<div id="deal-zone">  
  <span>
    <!-- leverage the update action with a link_to helper -->
    <%= link_to( "Click", deal_path(@deal, :deal => { :clicks_performed_by_user => @deal.clicks_performed_by_user.to_i + 1}), :remote => true, :method => :put) %>
  </span>
</div>

控制器（预计 Ajax 请求）

  # PATCH/PUT /deals/1
  # PATCH/PUT /deals/1.json
  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @deal.update(deal_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @deal, notice: 'Deal was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @deal }
        format.js   { render nothing: true } # Change to what you want
      else
        format.html { render :edit }
        format.json { render json: @deal.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

如果您需要任何进一步的解释，请随时与我联系。

祝你好运，编码愉快！

Rails 4 - 在 jsonb 列中动态添加嵌套的 json 数据

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ruby

postgresql

activerecord

ruby-on-rails

ruby-on-rails-3