将分组的文本行复制并粘贴到另一个文件中的优雅方式

Question

假设我有两个文件。如何执行以下操作，即将标记的部分从一个文件复制到另一个文件的特定位置？一些 sed 命令可以完成这项工作吗？最实用的方法是什么？

文件#1：

This paragraph does not belong to the poem.

{ begin passage #1 }

When from a place he run away,
He never at the place did stay;
And while he run, as I am told,
He never stood still for young or old.

He often squeaked, and sometimes violent,
And when he squeaked he never was silent.
Though never instructed by a cat,
He knew a mouse was not a rat.

{ end passage #1 }

This as well does not.

文件#2：

There was a little guinea pig,
Who being little, was not big;
He always walked upon his feet,
And never fasted when he eat.

{ input passage #1 file #1 }

One day, as I am certified,
He took a whim, and fairly died;
And as I am told by men of sense,
He never has been living since.

我想将文件 #1 中的段落插入到文件 #2 的给定标记处。感谢您的帮助和想法！

Answer 1

正如您所问 "What is the most practical way"，我的回答是 sed 和 awk 的混合，使用 shell 脚本将整个事情粘合在一起。

尝试仅使用 sed 来解决这个问题可能是可行的，但不值得花时间去弄明白。

几乎肯定可以进行进一步的优化，但我已尝试编写您可以理解的代码，而不是单行代码 ;-)。

#!/bin/ksh

sed -n '/^{ begin passage/,/^{ end passage /p' file_1 | sed '/^{/d' > /tmp/$$.segment

awk -v segFile="/tmp/$$.segment" '{
  if ([=10=] ~ /^{ input passage/) {
    while (getline < segFile > 0 ) {
      print [=10=]
    }
  next
  }
  else {
    print [=10=]
  }
}'  file_2

rm /tmp/$$.segment

输出

There was a little guinea pig,
Who being little, was not big;
He always walked upon his feet,
And never fasted when he eat.


When from a place he run away,
He never at the place did stay;
And while he run, as I am told,
He never stood still for young or old.

He often squeaked, and sometimes violent,
And when he squeaked he never was silent.
Though never instructed by a cat,
He knew a mouse was not a rat.


One day, as I am certified,
He took a whim, and fairly died;
And as I am told by men of sense,
He never has been living since.

如果需要，您可以将 #!/bin/ksh 更改为 #!/bin/bash。

您可以 post-过滤您的输出以消除重复的空行，但不清楚您的最终需求是什么。

IHTH

Answer 2

这可能对你有用 (GNU sed)：

sed -n '/{ begin/,/{ end/!b;//!p' file1 | sed -e '/{ input/r /dev/stdin' -e '//d' file2

过滤file1中的行并将它们插入到file2中。第一个 sed 命令的标准输出成为第二个 sed 命令的标准输入文件。在第二次 sed 调用中需要两个 sed 命令，因为 r 命令必须以换行符结束（或新的 -e sed 命令）。第二个 sed 命令删除插入第一个文件行的行。

将分组的文本行复制并粘贴到另一个文件中的优雅方式

Elegant way to copy and paste grouped lines of text into another file

command-line

text

copy-paste

sed