C++ 结构和字符

Question

所以，我有这个代码。我对此有一些疑问，我正处于学习 C++ 的开始阶段。
我的问题是：

如何在 scanf 中读取多个名称？

或者当我想读取街道名称 [strada] 时，例如：1 northwood 34/6，当我插入 space 时，它越过该行并进入下一行，我需要更改的内容为了按我的意愿工作？

以及为什么我在初始化时不能打印我的人？

谢谢

//create a struct which represent a person and that person must contain 
//firstname lastname age, and adress. adress must contain street city and 
//country 

//define a function which it will be used for reading a person from keyboard. //define a function which will initialise a person.
//create a function which it will be used for releasing allocated resources for a person.
//create a functon which it will be used for printing the data about a person
// read from the keyboard a collection of persons, arrange those persons decreasing by age using qsort.

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct adresa{char* strada, *oras,*judet;};
struct persoana{char* nume, *prenume;int varsta;adresa adr; };

void trimNewline(char* str)
{
int len = strlen(str);
if (str[len - 1] == '\n')
{
    str[len - 1] = '[=10=]';
}
}
void citestePersoana(persoana* pers){
  printf("Nume:");
  scanf("%s", pers->nume);
  printf("Prenume:");
  scanf("%s", pers->prenume);
  printf("Varsta:");
  scanf("%d", pers->varsta);
}

void citesteAdresa(adresa* adr){
printf("Strada:");
fgets(adr->strada, 100, stdin);
trimNewline(adr->strada);

printf("Oras:");
fgets(adr->oras, 100, stdin);
trimNewline(adr->oras);

printf("Judet:");
fgets(adr->judet, 100, stdin);
trimNewline(adr->judet);
}

void initPersoana(persoana* pers){
  pers->nume = (char*)malloc(100 * sizeof(char));
  pers->prenume = (char*)malloc(100 * sizeof(char));
  pers->varsta = (int)malloc(100 * sizeof(int));
}

void initAdresa(adresa* adr){
  adr->strada = (char*)malloc(100 * sizeof(char));
  adr->oras = (char*)malloc(100 * sizeof(char));
  adr->judet =(char*)malloc(100 * sizeof(char));
}

void afispers(){
  persoana x;
  adresa y;
  printf("Nume:%s", x.nume);
  printf("Prenume:%s", x.prenume);
  printf("Varsta:%s", x.varsta);
  printf("Strada:%s", y.strada);printf("Oras:%s", y.oras);
  printf("Judet:%s", y.judet);
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){
  persoana persoanaCurenta;
  adresa adresaCurenta;
  initPersoana(&persoanaCurenta);
  initAdresa(&adresaCurenta);
  citestePersoana(&persoanaCurenta);
  citesteAdresa(&adresaCurenta);
  afispers();
  return 0;
}

Answer 1

如果要读取带空格的地址，如

1 northwood 34/6

成一串，最好用fgets代替scanf。

fgets(adr->strada, 100, stdin);

然后trim换行符。

int len = strlen(adr->strada);
if ( adr->strada[len-1] == '\n' )
{
   adr->strada[len-1] = '[=12=]';
}

您可以将该代码放入一个函数中，然后将其重新用于您读取的其他数据。

void trimNewline(char* str)
{
   int len = strlen(str);
   if ( str[len-1] == '\n' )
   {
      str[len-1] = '[=13=]';
   }
}

然后将其用作：

void citesteAdresa(adresa* adr){
  printf("Strada:");
  fgets(adr->strada, 100, stdin);
  trimNewline(adr->strada);

  printf("Oras:");
  fgets(adr->oras, 100, stdin);
  trimNewline(adr->oras);

  printf("Judet:");
  fgets(adr->judet, 100, stdin);
  trimNewline(adr->judet);
}

C++ 结构和字符

C++ structures and chars

c++

struct

structure