在 QAction 菜单项中存储附加数据 - python

Question

我有一个通过 for 循环生成的动态 qmenu。我已将其分解为最基本的属性。我想知道的是，我是否可以创建一个自定义 QMenuItem 以便我可以在每个菜单项中存储一个实际对象？目前它只支持用作名称的字符串。

如何在菜单项中存储额外的 data/information？

我想像正常一样设置显示文本，然后在 for 循环中另外向每个项目添加一个 class 对象或某种数据。我在 for 循环中放置了伪代码，但它被注释掉了..

我以为我已经通过创建自定义 QAction 项并从 QAction 继承而接近了，但是在尝试使用它时似乎没有用...

class ActionObject( QtGui.QAction ):
    def __init__( self, text="", parent=None ):
        super( ActionObject, self ).__init__( parent )
        self.data = None

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Imports
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import sys
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore

class Person():
    def __init__(self, name="", age=None):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

# Main Widget
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class ExampleWidget(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self,):
        super(ExampleWidget, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        # formatting
        self.setWindowTitle("Example")

        # context menu
        self.main_menu = QtGui.QMenu()

        self.sub_menu = QtGui.QMenu("Great")
        self.main_menu.addMenu(self.sub_menu)


        names = ["Joe","Kevin","Amy","Doug","Jenny"]

        # sub-menu
        for x in xrange(len(names)):
            name = str(x) + " - " + names[x]
            action = self.sub_menu.addAction( name )
            # action.data = Person()
            action.triggered.connect(self.menu_action)

        # widgets        
        self.factionsList = QtGui.QListWidget()

        # signal
        self.factionsList.setContextMenuPolicy(QtCore.Qt.CustomContextMenu)
        self.factionsList.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.on_context_menu_factions)

        # layout
        self.mainLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(self.factionsList, 1, 0)
        self.show()

    def menu_action(self):
        print "testing"


    def on_context_menu_factions(self, pos):
        self.main_menu.exec_( QtGui.QCursor.pos() )


# Main
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = ExampleWidget()
    res = app.exec_()
    sys.exit(res)

Answer 1

您可以简单地使用 setData 来设置数据，下面是一个工作示例，我更改了您的代码位

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Imports
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import sys
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore
from functools import partial

class Person():
    def __init__(self, name="", age=None):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def getName(self):
        return self.name

# Main Widget
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class ExampleWidget(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self,):
        super(ExampleWidget, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        # formatting
        self.setWindowTitle("Example")

        # context menu
        self.main_menu = QtGui.QMenu()

        self.sub_menu = QtGui.QMenu("Great")
        self.main_menu.addMenu(self.sub_menu)


        names = ["Joe","Kevin","Amy","Doug","Jenny"]

        # sub-menu
        for index, name in enumerate(names):
            fancyName = "%s - %s" % (index, name)
            action = self.sub_menu.addAction( fancyName )
            action.setData(Person(name=name))
            action.triggered.connect(partial(self.menu_action, action))

        # widgets        
        self.factionsList = QtGui.QListWidget()

        # signal
        self.factionsList.setContextMenuPolicy(QtCore.Qt.CustomContextMenu)
        self.factionsList.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.on_context_menu_factions)

        # layout
        self.mainLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(self.factionsList, 1, 0)
        self.show()

    def menu_action(self, item):
        itmData = item.data()
        print itmData.getName()


    def on_context_menu_factions(self, pos):
        self.main_menu.exec_( QtGui.QCursor.pos() )


# Main
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = ExampleWidget()
    res = app.exec_()
    sys.exit(res)

Answer 2

当然正如 Achayan 回答的那样，您可以使用 QAction 的 setData() 来设置额外的数据，并使用 data() 来获取存储的数据。

不过，以上将解决您的问题，让我们看看扩展 QAction。 QWidget、QMenu基于、实现addAction允许传递QAction对象。

class ActionObject( QtGui.QAction ):
    def __init__( self, text="", parent=None ):
        super( ActionObject, self ).__init__(text, parent )
        self.data = None

class ExampleWidget(QtGui.QWidget):

        # ...[cut]...

        def initUI(self):

        # ...[cut]...

            # sub-menu
            for x in xrange(len(names)):
                name = str(x) + " - " + names[x]
                action = ActionObject(name, self.sub_menu)
                action.data = Person()
                action.triggered.connect(self.menu_action)
                self.sub_menu.addAction(action)

父级已明确设置，因为它是 QWidget 的实现，而不是 QMenu。

这就是 PyQt/Pyside 允许在几乎所有地方使用自定义对象的方式 - 无需使用猴子补丁。

在 QAction 菜单项中存储附加数据 - python

store additional data in QAction menu item - python

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pyside