Hibernate 多对多删除关系

Hibernate many-to-many remove relation

我有一个休眠多对多关系的问题:当我从我的集合中删除一个项目时,它并没有从我的数据库中删除。我知道有很多类似的问题,但我没有通过阅读来成功解决我的问题。

我已经为它写了一个JUnit测试用例。我的关联在建筑物和用户之间:

@Test
public void testBuildingManyToMany(){
    //Create 2 buildings
    Building building = createBuilding("b1");
    Building building2 = createBuilding("b2");
    //Create 1 user
    User user = createUser("u1");

    //Associate the 2 buildings to that user
    user.getBuildings().add(building);
    building.getUsers().add(user);

    user.getBuildings().add(building2);
    building2.getUsers().add(user);

    userController.save(user);
    user = userController.retrieve(user.getId());
    Assert.assertEquals(2, user.getBuildings().size());//Test OK

    //Test 1: remove 1 building from the list
    user.getBuildings().remove(building);
    building.getUsers().remove(user);
    userController.save(user);

    //Test 2: clear and add
    //user.getBuildings().clear();
    //user.getBuildings().add(building);
    //userController.save(user);
    //user = userController.retrieve(user.getId());
    //Assert.assertEquals(1, user.getBuildings().size());
}

这是我得到的错误:

...
Hibernate: insert into building_useraccount (userid, buildingid) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into building_useraccount (userid, buildingid) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: delete from building_useraccount where userid=? and buildingid=?
Hibernate: insert into building_useraccount (userid, buildingid) values (?, ?)
4113 [main] WARN org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter - SQL Error: 23505, SQLState: 23505
4113 [main] ERROR org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter - Unique index or primary key violation: "PRIMARY_KEY_23 ON PUBLIC.BUILDING_USERACCOUNT(BUILDINGID, USERID) VALUES ( /* key:0 */ 201, 201)"; SQL statement:
insert into building_useraccount (userid, buildingid) values (?, ?) [23505-176]

当我注释 "Test 1" 并取消注释 "Test 2" 行时,出现以下错误:

junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: 
Expected :1
Actual   :2

这是我的 hbm.xml 类:

<hibernate-mapping default-lazy="true">
    <class name="my.model.pojo.Building" table="building">
    <cache usage="read-write" />
    <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Long">
        <generator class="sequence">
            <param name="sequence">building_id_sequence</param>
        </generator>
    </id>
    <property name="name" type="java.lang.String" column="name" not-null="true" />
    ...
    <set name="users" cascade="none" lazy="true" inverse="true" table="building_useraccount">
        <key column="buildingid" />
        <many-to-many class="my.model.pojo.User" column="userid" />
    </set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<hibernate-mapping default-lazy="true">
<class name="my.model.pojo.User" table="useraccount">
    <cache usage="read-write" />
    <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Long">
        <generator class="sequence">
            <param name="sequence">useraccount_id_sequence</param>
        </generator>
    </id>
    <property name="login" type="java.lang.String" column="login" not-null="true" unique="true" length="40" />

    ...
    <set name="buildings" cascade="none" lazy="false" fetch="join" table="building_useraccount">
        <key column="userid" />
        <many-to-many class="my.model.pojo.Building" column="buildingid" />
    </set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

和类

public class User implements Serializable, Identifiable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private int hashCode;

private Long id;
private String login;

private Set<Building> buildings = new HashSet<Building>();

public boolean equals(Object value) {
    if (value == this)
        return true;
    if (value == null || !(value instanceof User))
        return false;
    if (getId() != null && getId().equals(((User) value).getId()))
        return true;
    return super.equals(value);
}

public int hashCode() {
    if (hashCode == 0) {
        hashCode = (getId() == null) ? super.hashCode() : new HashCodeBuilder().append(getId()).toHashCode();
    }
    return hashCode;
}

/* Getter / Setter ... */

public class BuildingBase implements Serializable, Identifiable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private int hashCode;

private Long id;
private String name;

private Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();

public boolean equals(Object value) {
    if (value == this)
        return true;
    if (value == null || !(value instanceof Building))
        return false;
    if (getId() != null && getId().equals(((Building) value).getId()))
        return true;
    return super.equals(value);
}

public int hashCode() {
    if (hashCode == 0) {
        hashCode = (getId() == null) ? super.hashCode() : new HashCodeBuilder().append(getId()).toHashCode();
    }
    return hashCode;
}

/* Getter / Setter ... */

编辑: 添加 userController 实现,用于事务

@Transactional(readOnly = false, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public User save(User user) throws ServiceException {
    validate(user);//Validation stuffs
    return userDAO.update(user);
}

userDAO:

public class UserDAOImpl extends HibernateDAOImpl<User> implements UserDAO {
}

和 HibernateDAOImpl:

public class HibernateDAOImpl<T> implements DAO<T> {

    public T update(T entity) {
        return executeAndCreateSessionIfNeeded(new HibernateAction<T>() {
            @Override
            public T execute(Session session) {
                return (T) session.merge(entity);
            }
        });
    }

    protected <E> E executeAndCreateSessionIfNeeded(HibernateAction<E> action) {
        Session session = null;
        try {
            session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
            return executeAction(action, session);
        } finally {
            if (session != null) {
                session.close();
            }
        }
    }

}

为什么 cascade="none"

您应该使用 cascade="detached,merge,refresh,persist"(而不是删除!)来更新集合中的删除。

在用户定义的 buildings 关系上用 cascade='all' 替换 cascade='none' 应该可以解决问题。

由于您正在保存用户,为了同时更新数据库中的多对多,您需要级联用户对关系的更改。

CascadeType.REMOVEmany-to-many 关联没有意义,因为当在两侧设置时,它可能会触发父子之间的链删除并返回父子。如果您只在父端设置它,当删除的子项仍被其他一些父项引用时,您可能会遇到问题。

引用Hibernate docs

It does not usually make sense to enable cascade on a many-to-one or many-to-many association. In fact the @ManyToOne and @ManyToMany don't even offer a orphanRemoval attribute. Cascading is often useful for one-to-one and one-to-many associations.

恐怕你正在做的事情对于休眠来说并不是一个好主意,即使它是你对一段关系所做的更常见的任务之一。实现你想要的方法是使用级联,但正如 Vlad Mihalcea 所说,这最终可能会删除关系的一端或另一端,而不仅仅是关系本身。

作为正确的回应,我会告诉你老师会怎么说......你们真的有n:m关系吗?你确定它本身没有实体吗? N:M 很难找到关系,通常意味着建模有误。即使情况并非如此并且您实际上有一个 n:m,它也应该保留在模型中,永远不要忘记您正在使用 ORM 将 link ACTUAL 模型 java 模型所以你实际上可以在 Java 中拥有一个实体,每一端都有 1:n 关系,并将其存储在关系 table.

此致!

更改级联 属性 没有解决我的问题。我最终决定通过为中间table创建一个对象来自己处理多对多关系,并自己管理它。它的代码有点多,但为我想要实现的目标提供了一致的行为。