Java Mockito when-return 对象创建

Java Mockito when-return on Object creation

我正在尝试测试计算年龄的 class。计算年龄的方法如下所示:

public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
    LocalDate today = new LocalDate();
    Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
    return period.getYears();
}

因为我希望 JUnit 与时间无关,所以我希望 today 变量始终为 2016 年 1 月 1 日。为此,我尝试使用 Mockito.when 路线,但 运行 陷入困境。

我第一次有这个:

public class CalculatorTest {

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        LocalDate today = new LocalDate(2016,1,1);

        Mockito.when(new LocalDate()).thenReturn(today);
    }
}

但是我得到了这个错误:

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
   Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
   Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

然后我尝试在计算器中创建一个方法 class 到 return 当前日期,如下所示:

public static LocalDate getCurrentDate() {
    return new LocalDate();
}

public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
    LocalDate today = getCurrentDate();
    Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
    return period.getYears();
}

所以我可以这样做:

public class CalculatorTest {

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        CalculatorTest mock = Mockito.mock(CalculatorTest.class);
        LocalDate today = new LocalDate(2016,1,1);

        Mockito.when(mock.getCurrentDate()).thenReturn(today);
    }
}

但是我遇到了完全相同的问题。那么关于在触发年龄计算时如何 return 预定义的 localdate 对象的任何想法?

与其嘲笑,我建议使用 Joda 的 DateTimeUtils 来 "freeze" 时间。您还需要在应用程序代码中使用 org.joda.time.LocalDate 而不是 java.time.LocalDate

public class CalculatorTest {

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        DateTimeUtils.setCurrentMillisFixed(new LocalDate(2016,1,1).toDateTimeAtStartOfDay().getMillis());
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        DateTimeUtils.setCurrentMillisSystem();
    }
}

对于纯 Java,请考虑描述的一些方法 here,特别是注入 Clock 或使用 PowerMock。

注入 Clock 与 Joda 示例非常相似;你只需要维护你自己的静态Clock。您的应用程序代码如下所示:

static Clock appClock = Clock.systemDefaultZone();

public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) { 
  LocalDate today = LocalDate.now(appClock);
  Period period = new Period(birthdate, today, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
  return period.getYears(); 
}

测试会像这样冻结时间:

public class CalculatorTest {

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
       appClock = Clock.fixed(LocalDate(2016,1,1).toDateTimeAtStartOfDay(), ZoneId.systemDefault());
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
       appClock = Clock.systemDefaultZone();
    }
}

我总是使用自己的 TimeFactory 来检索我的应用程序中的当前日期。这样我就可以灵活地操作它(在 JUnit 测试期间)。这是 TimeFactory 的样子:

public final class TimeFactory {

    static int offsetAmount = 0;
    static TemporalUnit offsetUnit = ChronoUnit.MILLIS;

    public static LocalDateTime getLocalDateTimeNow() {
        return LocalDateTime.now().plus(offsetAmount, offsetUnit);
    }

    public static void reset() {
        offsetAmount = 0;
    }

    public static void travelToPast(int amount, TemporalUnit unit) {
        offsetAmount = amount * -1;
        offsetUnit = unit;
    }

    public static void travelToFuture(int amount, TemporalUnit unit) {
        offsetAmount = amount;
        offsetUnit = unit;
    }
}

使用这个 TimeFactory 我可以轻松地进行时间旅行:

// start test
TimeFactory.travelToPast(10, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
// continue tests
TimeFactory.reset();
// check that things have happend in the past.

您可以扩展此代码以修复时间。

我建议你用技巧来测试你的方法:

public static int getAge(LocalDate currDate, LocalDate birthdate) {
    Period period = new Period(birthdate, currDate, PeriodType.yearMonthDay());
    return period.getYears();
}

public static int getAge(LocalDate birthdate) {
    return getAge(new LocalDate (), birthdate);
}