WxPython GUI programming - NameError: name "self" is not defined

Question

我正在创建一个程序来编辑 .txt 文件。

我在一个文件夹中有 2 个文件：

gui.py & edit_text.py

这是 gui.py

的代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
import wx
import wx.xrc

class Main ( wx.Frame ):
    
    def __init__( self, parent ):
        wx.Frame.__init__ ( self, parent, id = wx.ID_ANY, title = u"Editor MAVB", pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.Size( 250,180 ), style = wx.CAPTION|wx.CLOSE_BOX|wx.MINIMIZE_BOX|wx.SYSTEM_MENU|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL )
        
        self.SetSizeHintsSz( wx.Size( 250,180 ), wx.Size( 250,180 ) )
        
        layout_sizer = wx.BoxSizer( wx.VERTICAL )
        
        self.text1 = wx.StaticText( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Escolha o arquivo que será editado:", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
        self.text1.Wrap( -1 )
        layout_sizer.Add( self.text1, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
        
        self.filePicker = wx.FilePickerCtrl( self, wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, u"Selecione um arquivo", u"*.txt", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size( 210,-1 ), wx.FLP_DEFAULT_STYLE|wx.FLP_FILE_MUST_EXIST|wx.FLP_SMALL )
        layout_sizer.Add( self.filePicker, 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
        
        self.null_text = wx.StaticText( self, wx.ID_ANY, wx.EmptyString, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
        self.null_text.Wrap( -1 )
        layout_sizer.Add( self.null_text, 0, wx.ALL, 5 )
        
        self.edit_button = wx.Button( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Alterar arquivo", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
        layout_sizer.Add( self.edit_button, 0, wx.ALL, 5 )
        
        self.status_text = wx.StaticText( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Aguardando arquivo...", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
        self.status_text.Wrap( -1 )
        layout_sizer.Add( self.status_text, 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
        
        
        self.SetSizer( layout_sizer )
        self.Layout()
        
        self.Centre( wx.BOTH )
        
        # Connect Events
        self.edit_button.Bind( wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.editar_txt )
    
    def __del__( self ):
        pass
    
    
    # Virtual event handlers, overide them in your derived class
    def editar_txt( self, event ):
        event.Skip()

这里是 edit_txt.py

的代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import gui
import wx

class MyFrame(gui.Main):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        gui.Main.__init__(self, parent)
        
    infile = self.filePicker.GetTextCtrlValue()
    outfile_path = infile[:len(infile)-4] + "_editado.txt"
    
    def editar_txt(self, infile):
        outfile = []
        with open(infile) as f:
            for line in f:
                line_ed = line.replace("|VENDAS|0|", "|VENDAS|2|")
                outfile.append(line_ed)
        with open(outfile_path, "w") as g:
            for line in outfile:
                g.write(line)

        f.close()
        g.close()
  
class MyApp(wx.App):
    def OnInit(self):
        self.frame = MyFrame(None)
        self.SetTopWindow(self.frame)
        self.frame.Show(True)
        print("\n----------------------------------------\nEditor MAVB - inicializado com sucesso. \n----------------------------------------")
        return True
        
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = MyApp(redirect=False)
    app.MainLoop()

当我进入程序文件夹运行edit_txt.py时，出现以下错误：

Error in line 
infile = self.filePicker.GetTextCtrlValue()
NameError: name 'self' is not defined

我在 gui.py
将 gui.py 脚本导入 edit_txt.py
从 gui.Main class
一打开程序就初始化了MyFrameclass
然后我尝试使用以下命令获取 infile 路径：infile = self.filePicker.GetTextCtrlValue()

问题：

Why isn't this working?

How can I make it work?

Answer 1

为什么不起作用？因为下面一行：

infile = self.filePicker.GetTextCtrlValue()

在任何函数之外，并且在 class 定义中。它正在尝试执行此行 ，因为正在定义 class 以在 class 上创建一个 infile 属性，并且 self此时没有定义，它抱怨self没有被定义。

你如何让它发挥作用？据推测，您打算将该行及其后一行放在您的 __init__() 方法中。相应地缩进它们。

Answer 2

您正在尝试访问从 gui.Main 继承的实例属性作为 class 属性。一般来说，您正在尝试静态访问 non-static 属性.

如果将 infile 和 outfile_path 定义为 MyFrame 的实例属性，然后您可以使用 self.Property.

访问它们

（请注意，这样您需要更改对 editar_txt 方法的引用，因为不再需要该参数。）

edit_txt.py中修改后的MyFrameclass下方：

class MyFrame(gui.Main):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        gui.Main.__init__(self, parent)

        self.infile = self.filePicker.GetTextCtrlValue()
        self.outfile_path = self.infile[:len(self.infile)-4] + "_editado.txt"

    def editar_txt(self):
        outfile = []
        with open(self.infile) as f:
            for line in f:
                line_ed = line.replace("|VENDAS|0|", "|VENDAS|2|")
                outfile.append(line_ed)
        with open(self.outfile_path, "w") as g:
            for line in outfile:
                g.write(line)

        f.close()
        g.close()

WxPython GUI programming - NameError: name "self" is not defined

WxPython GUI programming - NameError: name "self" is not defined

python

user-interface

wxwidgets

wxpython

nameerror