如何构造一个多模块的 Maven 项目来一次编译它？
How to structure a multi-modules Maven project to compile it at once?
我有一个包含多个模块和子模块的 Maven 项目，我想一次编译它，即只调用一次 "mvn clean install".
对于基本项目，以下结构可行：
.
├── modules
│ ├── moduleA
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module A POM
│ ├── moduleB
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module B POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- Super POM (at the root of "modules" folder)
└── pom.xml <--- Aggregator POM
聚合器是：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>aggregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>modules</module>
<module>modules/moduleA</module>
<module>modules/moduleB</module>
</modules>
</project>
超级 POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
模块 A 的 POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>moduleA</artifactId>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
</project>
模块 B 相似。
在项目的根目录下，运行 "mvn clean install" 命令给出（清理 .m2/repository 文件夹后）：
[...]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] super-pom .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.450 s]
[INFO] moduleA ............................................ SUCCESS [ 1.746 s]
[INFO] moduleB ............................................ SUCCESS [ 0.029 s]
[INFO] agregator .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.006 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
现在如果我想要更复杂的东西（但仍然使用一个超级 POM），例如：
.
├── modules
│ ├── lib1
│ │ ├── moduleA1
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ ├── moduleB1
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- lib1 aggregator POM
│ ├── lib2
│ │ ├── moduleA2
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ ├── moduleB2
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- lib2 aggregator POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- Super POM
└── pom.xml <--- Aggregator POM
根 POM 为：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>agregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>modules</module>
<module>modules/lib1</module>
<module>modules/lib2</module>
</modules>
</project>
Lib1 POM:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>lib1-agregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>moduleA1</module>
<module>moduleB1</module>
</modules>
</project>
并且，例如 moduleA1 POM:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>moduleA1</artifactId>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
</project>
Maven 无法解析 POM 文件（清理 .m2/repository 文件夹后）：
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[ERROR] [ERROR] Some problems were encountered while processing the POMs:
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleA1/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib1-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleB1/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib1-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleA2/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib2-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleB2/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib2-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
@
[ERROR] The build could not read 4 projects -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleA1/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleB1/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleA2/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleB2/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/ProjectBuildingException
[ERROR] [Help 2] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/UnresolvableModelException
我需要先构建超级 pom：
cd modules/
mvn clean install
然后才会编译：
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] super-pom .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.271 s]
[INFO] moduleA1 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 1.202 s]
[INFO] moduleB1 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.027 s]
[INFO] lib1-agregator ..................................... SUCCESS [ 0.006 s]
[INFO] moduleA2 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.027 s]
[INFO] moduleB2 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.022 s]
[INFO] lib2-agregator ..................................... SUCCESS [ 0.007 s]
[INFO] agregator .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.007 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
如果没有这两个步骤的编译，您将如何构建项目以使其工作？
[编辑]：如评论中所述，将 Super POM 的相对路径添加到模块 POM 将使代码使用一个命令行编译。
但是，如果我只想将 lib1 分发给某些开发人员，即使我的超级 POM 位于 Maven 存储库中，如果没有整个项目结构，lib1 也无法编译。这使得项目不那么模块化。
让我像你一样开始，但我对事物的命名有点不同：
.
├── modules-root
│ ├── moduleA
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module A POM
│ ├── moduleB
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module B POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- modules root
└── pom.xml <--- project-root
让我们从 project-root 开始，它看起来像这样：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>project-root</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<modules>
<module>modules-root</module>
</modules>
</project>
module-parent 看起来像这样。我要强调的是，这仅包含对 moduleA 和 moduleB 的引用，并将 继承 来自 project-root:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>project-root</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.test.module</groupId>
<artifactId>module-parent</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>moduleA</module>
<module>moduleB</module>
</modules>
</project>
moduleA 看起来像这样。请注意，这将 继承 来自 module-parent （父级），它恰好比...
高一级
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test.module</groupId>
<artifactId>module-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>moduleA</artifactId>
<packaging>..</packaging>
<....other dependencies..>
</project>
如果您使用这种结构，您只需转到 project-root 级别并执行：
mvn clean install
此外，您还可以使用这样的东西：
mvn -pl moduleA ...
...仅构建模块 A（但保持在 project-root 级别...）。
module-parent 在这个例子中可能看起来像是浪费或多余的，但是如果你有更多的模块，你可以通过 dependencyManagement 定义它们的补充依赖，或者可以通过 pluginManagement 改变插件配置只会在这个子区域（moduleA，moduleB，...）中使用。如果您的项目变得更大，您将获得更多 module-parents 并行..其中包含您的应用程序的不同部分...以及可以使用此结构实现的不同意图。
还有一点值得一提；我已将 groupId 从 org.test 更改为 module-parent 中的 org.test.module。如果您有大量模块，这有时很有用，因为 groupId 表示存储库中的文件夹结构（就像 java 包在 Java 项目中所做的那样）...这给了你更好的概述...
project-root 是通过 dependencyManagement 等定义整体可用依赖项的位置......以及应通过 pluginManagement 定义的使用的插件...... 或者可能使用 maven-enforcer-plugin 定义整体项目规则...
这种结构的典型场景是 Java EE 项目或其他大型项目（可能有 300...或 1000 个模块，是的，它们存在）...
如果您获得更多模块，您可以使用 Maven 的 multi-thread 功能并构建您的项目：
mvn -T 4 clean install
来自 project-root，它大大减少了构建时间。
我有一个包含多个模块和子模块的 Maven 项目，我想一次编译它，即只调用一次 "mvn clean install".
对于基本项目，以下结构可行：
.
├── modules
│ ├── moduleA
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module A POM
│ ├── moduleB
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module B POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- Super POM (at the root of "modules" folder)
└── pom.xml <--- Aggregator POM
聚合器是：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>aggregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>modules</module>
<module>modules/moduleA</module>
<module>modules/moduleB</module>
</modules>
</project>
超级 POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
模块 A 的 POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>moduleA</artifactId>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
</project>
模块 B 相似。
在项目的根目录下，运行 "mvn clean install" 命令给出（清理 .m2/repository 文件夹后）：
[...]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] super-pom .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.450 s]
[INFO] moduleA ............................................ SUCCESS [ 1.746 s]
[INFO] moduleB ............................................ SUCCESS [ 0.029 s]
[INFO] agregator .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.006 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
现在如果我想要更复杂的东西（但仍然使用一个超级 POM），例如：
.
├── modules
│ ├── lib1
│ │ ├── moduleA1
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ ├── moduleB1
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- lib1 aggregator POM
│ ├── lib2
│ │ ├── moduleA2
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ ├── moduleB2
│ │ │ └── pom.xml
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- lib2 aggregator POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- Super POM
└── pom.xml <--- Aggregator POM
根 POM 为：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>agregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>modules</module>
<module>modules/lib1</module>
<module>modules/lib2</module>
</modules>
</project>
Lib1 POM:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>lib1-agregator</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>moduleA1</module>
<module>moduleB1</module>
</modules>
</project>
并且，例如 moduleA1 POM:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>moduleA1</artifactId>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>super-pom</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
</project>
Maven 无法解析 POM 文件（清理 .m2/repository 文件夹后）：
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[ERROR] [ERROR] Some problems were encountered while processing the POMs:
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleA1/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib1-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleB1/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib1-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleA2/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib2-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
[WARNING] 'parent.relativePath' of POM org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleB2/pom.xml) points at org.test:lib2-agregator instead of org.test:super-pom, please verify your project structure @ line 7, column 13
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13
@
[ERROR] The build could not read 4 projects -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleA1/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib1/moduleB1/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB1:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleA2/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleA2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] The project org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version] (/Users/ben/IdeaProjects/ComplexMavenStructure/modules/lib2/moduleB2/pom.xml) has 1 error
[ERROR] Non-resolvable parent POM for org.test:moduleB2:[unknown-version]: Could not find artifact org.test:super-pom:pom:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 7, column 13 -> [Help 2]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/ProjectBuildingException
[ERROR] [Help 2] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/UnresolvableModelException
我需要先构建超级 pom：
cd modules/
mvn clean install
然后才会编译：
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] super-pom .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.271 s]
[INFO] moduleA1 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 1.202 s]
[INFO] moduleB1 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.027 s]
[INFO] lib1-agregator ..................................... SUCCESS [ 0.006 s]
[INFO] moduleA2 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.027 s]
[INFO] moduleB2 ........................................... SUCCESS [ 0.022 s]
[INFO] lib2-agregator ..................................... SUCCESS [ 0.007 s]
[INFO] agregator .......................................... SUCCESS [ 0.007 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
如果没有这两个步骤的编译，您将如何构建项目以使其工作？
[编辑]：如评论中所述，将 Super POM 的相对路径添加到模块 POM 将使代码使用一个命令行编译。
但是，如果我只想将 lib1 分发给某些开发人员，即使我的超级 POM 位于 Maven 存储库中，如果没有整个项目结构，lib1 也无法编译。这使得项目不那么模块化。
让我像你一样开始，但我对事物的命名有点不同：
.
├── modules-root
│ ├── moduleA
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module A POM
│ ├── moduleB
│ │ └── pom.xml <--- Module B POM
│ └── pom.xml <--- modules root
└── pom.xml <--- project-root
让我们从 project-root 开始，它看起来像这样：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>project-root</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<modules>
<module>modules-root</module>
</modules>
</project>
module-parent 看起来像这样。我要强调的是，这仅包含对 moduleA 和 moduleB 的引用，并将 继承 来自 project-root:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test</groupId>
<artifactId>project-root</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.test.module</groupId>
<artifactId>module-parent</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>moduleA</module>
<module>moduleB</module>
</modules>
</project>
moduleA 看起来像这样。请注意，这将 继承 来自 module-parent （父级），它恰好比...
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.test.module</groupId>
<artifactId>module-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>moduleA</artifactId>
<packaging>..</packaging>
<....other dependencies..>
</project>
如果您使用这种结构，您只需转到 project-root 级别并执行：
mvn clean install
此外，您还可以使用这样的东西：
mvn -pl moduleA ...
...仅构建模块 A（但保持在 project-root 级别...）。
module-parent 在这个例子中可能看起来像是浪费或多余的，但是如果你有更多的模块，你可以通过 dependencyManagement 定义它们的补充依赖，或者可以通过 pluginManagement 改变插件配置只会在这个子区域（moduleA，moduleB，...）中使用。如果您的项目变得更大，您将获得更多 module-parents 并行..其中包含您的应用程序的不同部分...以及可以使用此结构实现的不同意图。
还有一点值得一提；我已将 groupId 从 org.test 更改为 module-parent 中的 org.test.module。如果您有大量模块，这有时很有用，因为 groupId 表示存储库中的文件夹结构（就像 java 包在 Java 项目中所做的那样）...这给了你更好的概述...
project-root 是通过 dependencyManagement 等定义整体可用依赖项的位置......以及应通过 pluginManagement 定义的使用的插件...... 或者可能使用 maven-enforcer-plugin 定义整体项目规则...
这种结构的典型场景是 Java EE 项目或其他大型项目（可能有 300...或 1000 个模块，是的，它们存在）...
如果您获得更多模块，您可以使用 Maven 的 multi-thread 功能并构建您的项目：
mvn -T 4 clean install
来自 project-root，它大大减少了构建时间。