大写单词列表正则表达式中每行的最后 n 个字符

Uppercase last n characters of every line in a wordlist regexp

我正在寻找一种使用正则表达式将单词列表中每一行的最后 n 个字符大写的方法。 n=3 的示例:

输入:

thisisatest
uppercasethelast3characters

期望的输出:

thisisatEST
uppercasethelast3charactERS

使用这个 GNU sed:

sed -e 's/^\(.*\)\(.\{3\}\)$/\U/' file

使用扩展正则表达式:

sed -r 's/^(.*)(.{3})$/\U/' file

测试:

$ sed -e 's/^\(.*\)\(.\{3\}\)$/\U/' file
thisisatEST
uppercasethelast3charactERS

没有 \U 功能(这是 GNU 功能),它不太方便:

sed -e 'h;s/.\{3\}$//;x;s/.*\(.\{3\}\)//;y/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ/;H;g;s/\n//;' file

详情:

h              # copy the pattern space into the buffer space
s/.\{3\}$//    # remove the 3 last characters (in the pattern space)
x              # exchange the pattern space and the buffer space
s/.*\(.\{3\}\)// # remove all characters except the three last
# translate lower case to upper case letters 
y/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ/
H  # append the pattern space to the buffer space
g  # replace the pattern space with the buffer space
s/\n// # remove the newline character

因为你标记了 perl,我发布了一个 perl 解决方案...

# with RegEx
perl -nle '/(.*)(.{3})$/; print  . uc ;' file.txt
# formatted with n at the end
cat file.txt | perl -nle 'print  . uc  if /(.*)(.{3})$/;'

# or without RegEx
perl -nle '$n=3; print substr($_,0,-$n).uc substr($_,length($_)-$n);' file.txt
# formated with n at the end
cat file.txt| perl -nle 'print substr($_,0,-$n).uc substr($_,length($_)-$n) if $n=3;'

substr 解决方案比正则表达式捕获快 很多