python 单元测试模拟无法处理部分限定名称

python unittest mock can't handle partially qualified name

如果我有两个包含以下内容的文件:

test_helper.py:

class Installer:
    def __init__(self, foo, bar, version):
        # Init stuff
        raise Exception('If we're here, mock didn't work')

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):
        # cleanup
        pass

    def install(self):
        # Install stuff
        raise Exception('If we're here, mock didn't work')

并且 test.py:

import unittest
from mock import patch
from test_helper import Installer

class Deployer:
    def deploy(self):
        with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:
            installer.install()

class DeployerTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @patch('tests.test_helper.Installer', autospec=True)
    def testInstaller(self, mock_installer):
        deployer = Deployer()
        deployer.deploy()
        mock_installer.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'bar', 1)

上面的代码没有正确测试。模拟应用不正确:

  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/mock-1.3.0-py2.7.egg/mock/mock.py", line 947, in assert_called_once_with
    raise AssertionError(msg)
AssertionError: Expected 'Installer' to be called once. Called 0 times.

如果我在 test.py 中进行以下更改:

  1. from test_helper import Installer 更改为 import test_helper,并且
  2. with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:更改为with test_helper.Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:

然后代码就可以工作了。为什么模拟仅在我使用完全限定名称时适用?它应该在部分合格的情况下工作吗?

您正在 test.py 中测试您的 Deployer class,它正在调用 Installer。这个安装程序就是你想要模拟的。所以,你的装饰器应该考虑到这一点。

我不知道你具体是从哪里测试的。但举个例子,如果你 运行 你的测试来自与 test.py 相同的级别,那么你可以简单地对你的装饰器执行此操作,它应该可以工作:

import unittest

from dower import Installer
from mock import patch

class Deployer:
    def deploy(self):
        with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:
            installer.install()

class DeployerTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @patch('test.Installer', autospec=True)
    def testInstaller(self, mock_installer):
        deployer = Deployer()
        deployer.deploy()
        mock_installer.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'bar', 1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

注意:您不应在安装程序模块中进行模拟。在这种情况下,您 不关心 安装程序。只是它 returns 你的 Mock,所以你可以继续测试你的 Deployer 的行为。以这种方式思考,你就会明白为什么你必须模拟你正在测试的东西。