代理 URL 必须具有显式方案

Question

我想在请求中设置代理并获取 url 来源的内容：

privoxy = 'localhost:8118'
proxy_dict = {'http':privoxy, 'https':privoxy, 'ftp':privoxy, 'ssl':privoxy}
content = session.get(url=url, proxies=proxy_dict).content

出现以下错误：

 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 467, in get
    return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 455, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 558, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 305, in send
    conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 206, in get_connection
    except_on_missing_scheme(proxy)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/utils.py", line 636, in except_on_missing_scheme
    raise MissingSchema('Proxy URLs must have explicit schemes.')
requests.exceptions.MissingSchema: Proxy URLs must have explicit schemes.

Answer 1

将 scheme 设置为 http，在您的情况下：

privoxy = 'http://localhost:8118'

（当然也可以是其他的，比如'https'、'ftp'等）

来自 Requests docs for Proxies 的更多内容：

Note that proxy URLs must include the scheme.

代理 URL 必须具有显式方案

Proxy URLs must have explicit schemes

python

proxy

httprequest

python-requests