尝试将 setInstance.toArray() 转换为 Integer[],没有编译时错误但有 运行 时间错误,为什么?

Trying to cast setInstance.toArray() to Integer[], no compile time error but there is run time error, why?

我正在试验 Java HashSet class 及其 toArray() 方法。下面是我想出的代码。编译器没有显示任何错误,但是当我 运行 代码时, IDE 输出错误消息:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: [Ljava.lang.Object; cannot be cast to [Ljava.lang.Integer;
    at JTOCollection.TheCollectionInterface.main(TheCollectionInterface.java:26)
Java Result: 1

由于我的经验不足,我无法完全理解错误消息背后的完整原因,能否请大神解释一下?

Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>();
set1.add(1);
set1.add(2);
set1.add(3);
set1.add(2);

Integer[] intArray = (Integer[]) set1.toArray();
for(Integer i : intArray){
    System.out.println(i);
}

set1.toArray() 是一个 Object[],不能转换为 Integer[]。如果你想要一个 Integer[] 试试这个:

Integer[] intArray = set1.toArray(new Integer[set1.size()]);

因为您使用的是 public Object[] toArray() 而不是 public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a)

使用这个:

Integer[] intArray =  set1.toArray(new Integer[set1.size()]);

文档:public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a)

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this collection; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the collection fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this collection.

方法set1.toArray() return Object[],你需要将returned数组中的每个对象显式转换为Integer。以下代码适合您。

Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>();
    set1.add(1);
    set1.add(2);
    set1.add(3);
    set1.add(2);

    Object[] intArray = set1.toArray();
    for(Object i : intArray){
        System.out.println(i);
    }