在c中写一个函数指针

Writing a function pointer in c

最近在看一段代码,发现一个函数指针写成:

int (*fn_pointer ( this_args ))( this_args )

我经常遇到这样的函数指针:

return_type (*fn_pointer ) (arguments);

讨论了类似的事情here:

// this is a function called functionFactory which receives parameter n
// and returns a pointer to another function which receives two ints
// and it returns another int
int (*functionFactory(int n))(int, int) {
printf("Got parameter %d", n);
int (*functionPtr)(int,int) = &addInt;
return functionPtr;
}

有人能告诉我有什么区别以及它是如何工作的吗?

来自 cdecl(这是一个方便的破译 C 声明的辅助工具):

int (*fn_pointer ( this_args1 ))( this_args2 )

declare fn_pointer as function (this_args1) returning pointer to function (this_args2) returning int

因此前者是一个函数,即returns指向函数的指针,而后者:

return_type (*fn_pointer ) (arguments);

是一个普通的"pointer to function".


阅读 Clockwise/Spiral Rule 文章中有关理解复杂声明的更多信息。

int (*fn_pointer ( this_args ))( this_args );  

fn_pointer 声明为接受 this_args 和 returns 的函数的指针,该指针指向接受 this_args 作为参数且 returns 为 int 类型。相当于

typedef int (*func_ptr)(this_args);
func_ptr fn_pointer(this_args);

让我们多了解一下:

int f1(arg1, arg2);  // f1 is a function that takes two arguments of type   
                     // arg1 and arg2 and returns an int.

int *f2(arg1, arg2);  // f2 is a function that takes two arguments of type  
                      // arg1 and arg2 and returns a pointer to int.  

int (*fp)(arg1, arg2); // fp is a pointer to a function that takes two arguments of type  
                       // arg1 and arg2 and returns a pointer to int.  

int f3(arg3, int (*fp)(arg1, arg2)); // f3 is a function that takes two arguments of  
                                        // type arg3 and a pointer to a function that 
                                        // takes two arguments of type arg1 and arg2 and 
                                        // returns an int.  

int (*f4(arg3))(arg1, arg2); // f4 is a function that takes an arguments of type   
                             // arg3 and returns a pointer to a function that takes two 
                             // arguments of type arg1 and arg2 and returns an int   

How to read int (*f4(arg3))(arg1, arg2);

          f4                           -- f4
        f3(   )                        -- is a function
        f3(arg3)                       --  taking an arg3 argument
       *f3(arg3)                       --   returning a pointer
     (*f3(arg3))(    )                 --   to a function
    (*f3(arg3))(arg1, arg2)            --     taking arg1 and arg2 parameter
  int (*f3(arg3))(arg1, arg2)           --     and returning an int  

所以,最后一个家庭作业:)。试着弄清楚声明

void (*signal(int sig, void (*func)(int)))(int);  

并使用typedef重新定义它。

这个

int (*fn_pointer ( this_args1 ))( this_args2 )

声明一个函数,该函数将 this_args1 和 returns 类型的函数指针作为参数

int (*fn_pointer)(this_args2)

所以它只是一个函数,returns 一个函数指针。