如何在 android 中创建 Web 服务来请求基于 C# 的 Web 服务？

Question

我正在开发一个 web 服务调用模块，我有一个用 C# 构建的用于调用 web 服务的文档，我只在 JSON 中调用过 web 服务，不知道如何向此类 web 服务发出请求，任何伙伴都可以帮助我如何发出请求并从此类网络服务中获得响应我的网络服务详细信息如下，

网络服务基础 url : http://www.fansplay.com/wsfpbtest/FBS.svc

API 姓名：GetContestants

Request format:

{“ APIUserName”: “admin” , “Password”: “*****”}

Response:

{
    "Contestants": [
        {
            "Age": 19,
            "Bio": "",
            "City": "Agra",
            "ContestantID": 11,
            "CurrentWeekPoints": 0,
            "FirstName": "Merlin",
            "ImageURL": "http://localhost:41800/FansPlayBachelor/Player/11.jpg",
            "LastName": "M",
            "Occupation": "Student",
            "State": "Delhi",
            "Status": "A",
            "TotalPoints": 0
        },
        {
            "Age": 25,
            "Bio": "",
            "City": "chennai",
            "ContestantID": 12,
            "CurrentWeekPoints": 0,
            "FirstName": "James",
            "ImageURL": "http://localhost:41800/FansPlayBachelor/Player/12.jpg",
            "LastName": "S",
            "Occupation": "Marketing",
            "State": "tamilnadu",
            "Status": "A",
            "TotalPoints": 0
        }
        ],
    "ResponseCode": true,
    "ResponseMessage": "Success"
}

我试过如下：

private class AsyncCaller extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>
    {
        ProgressDialog pdLoading = new ProgressDialog(StartActivity.this);

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();

            //this method will be running on UI thread
            pdLoading.setMessage("Loading...");
            pdLoading.show();
        }
        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {

            //this method will be running on background thread so don't update UI frome here
            //do your long running http tasks here,you dont want to pass argument and u can access the parent class' variable url over here
             HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();

                // 2. make POST request to the given URL
                HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.fansplay.com/wsfpbtestV3/FBS.svc/GetContestants");

                String json = "";
     try{
                // 3. build jsonObject
                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
                jsonObject.accumulate("APIUserName", "Rjfk@vDV43F");
                jsonObject.accumulate("Password", "79C8RE30-ELJD-4617-VX2D-A374C8C59E3F");

                // 4. convert JSONObject to JSON to String
                json = jsonObject.toString();
                String req =URLEncoder.encode(json, "utf-8");
                // ** Alternative way to convert Person object to JSON string usin Jackson Lib 
                // ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
                // json = mapper.writeValueAsString(person); 

                // 5. set json to StringEntity
                StringEntity se = new StringEntity(req);

                // 6. set httpPost Entity
                httpPost.setEntity(se);

                // 7. Set some headers to inform server about the type of the content   
                httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
                httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");

                // 8. Execute POST request to the given URL
                HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpPost);

                // 9. receive response as inputStream
                inputStream = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();

                // 10. convert inputstream to string
                if(inputStream != null)
                    result = convertInputStreamToString(inputStream);
                else
                    result = "Did not work!";}
     catch(Exception e){
         e.printStackTrace();
     }

            return null;
}

我不知道这是哪种网络服务，所以任何人都可以帮助我，因为我已经坚持了 4 天了。

Answer 1

这是 returns XML 或 JSON 的 Web 服务。

对于XML：

您可以使用 SoapUI 来测试和检查 Web 服务。
您可以使用 ksoap2-android or IceSoap 等库将 SOAP 消息发送到 Web 服务，但我们将使用 java.net.HttpURLConnection。

对于JSON：

您可以使用 Postman 来测试和检查 Web 服务。

调用网络服务所需的步骤：

打开您的 AndroidManifest.xml 并添加互联网权限 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
编写调用 Web 服务上的 GetContestants 操作的代码。
编写代码来解析从 GetContestants 操作接收到的数据。
编写代码以使用调用并封装上述方法的 AsyncTask，这样就不会全部发生在主 UI 线程上。

对于 XML，在 Web 服务上调用基于 GetContestants SOAP 的操作的示例代码（第 2 步）：

private String getContestants(String username, String password) throws Exception {
    URL obj = new URL("http://www.fansplay.com/wsfpbtest/FBS.svc/SOAP");
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();

    con.setRequestMethod("POST");
    con.setRequestProperty("Content-type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");
    con.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/IFBS/GetContestants");

    String reqXML = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:tem=\"http://tempuri.org/\" xmlns:fbs=\"http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/FBService\">\n" +
            "   <soapenv:Header/>\n" +
            "   <soapenv:Body>\n" +
            "      <tem:GetContestants>\n" +
            "         <tem:objContestant>\n" +
            "            <fbs:APIUserName>" + username + "</fbs:APIUserName>\n" +
            "            <fbs:Password>" + password +"</fbs:Password>\n" +
            "         </tem:objContestant>\n" +
            "      </tem:GetContestants>\n" +
            "   </soapenv:Body>\n" +
            "</soapenv:Envelope>";

    // Send post request
    con.setDoOutput(true);
    DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
    wr.writeBytes(reqXML);
    wr.flush();
    wr.close();

    // Read response
    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
    String inputLine;
    StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();

    while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
        response.append(inputLine);
    }
    in.close();

    return response.toString();
}

调用上面的方法如下：String xml = getContestants("Rjfk@vDV43F", "79C8RE30-ELJD-4617-VX2D-A374C8C59E3F");

对于JSON，调用Web服务上的GetContestants方法的示例代码（步骤2）：

private String getContestants(String username, String password) throws Exception {
    URL obj = new URL("http://www.fansplay.com/wsfpbtestV3/FBS.svc/GetContestants");
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();

    con.setRequestMethod("POST");
    con.setRequestProperty("Content-type", "text/json");

    String jsonBody = String.format("{\"APIUserName\": \"%s\" , \"Password\": \"%s\"}", username, password);

    // Send post request
    con.setDoOutput(true);
    DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
    wr.writeBytes(jsonBody);
    wr.flush();
    wr.close();

    // Read response
    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
    String inputLine;
    StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();

    while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
        response.append(inputLine);
    }
    in.close();

    return response.toString();
}

调用上面的方法如下：String json = getContestants("Rjfk@vDV43F", "79C8RE30-ELJD-4617-VX2D-A374C8C59E3F");

对于XML，解析和提取参赛者数据的示例代码（第3步）：

private void parseContestants(String xml) throws ParserConfigurationException, IOException, SAXException {
    // Build a Document from the XML
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    DocumentBuilder db = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
    InputSource inStream = new InputSource();
    inStream.setCharacterStream(new StringReader(xml));
    Document doc = db.parse(inStream);

    NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName("a:Contestant");
    for(int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
        Node node = nl.item(i);
        if (node instanceof Element) {
            Node contestant = (Element) node;
            // Extract the contestant data
            NodeList contestantProperties = contestant.getChildNodes();

            if (contestantProperties.item(0).getFirstChild() != null) {
                String age = contestantProperties.item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
            }

            if (contestantProperties.item(1).getFirstChild() != null) {
                String bio = contestantProperties.item(1).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
            }

            if (contestantProperties.item(2).getFirstChild() != null) {
                String city = contestantProperties.item(2).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
            }
            //ToDO: Extract the other properties of Contestant following pattern above
        }
    }
}

调用上面的方法如下：parseContestants(xml);

对于JSON，解析和提取参赛者数据的示例代码（第3步）：

我们将使用 GSON，它是一个 Java 库，可用于将 JSON 字符串转换为等效的 Java 对象。

通过将以下行添加到您的 build.gradle 文件，将 GSON 添加到您的项目中：compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.4'

将以下 Contestant class 添加到您的项目中：

import com.google.gson.annotations.Expose;
import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

public class Contestant {

  @SerializedName("Age")
  @Expose
  private Integer Age;
  @SerializedName("Bio")
  @Expose
  private String Bio;
  @SerializedName("City")
  @Expose
  private String City;
  @SerializedName("ContestantID")
  @Expose
  private Integer ContestantID;
  @SerializedName("CurrentWeekPoints")
  @Expose
  private Integer CurrentWeekPoints;
  @SerializedName("FirstName")
  @Expose
  private String FirstName;
  @SerializedName("ImageURL")
  @Expose
  private String ImageURL;
  @SerializedName("LastName")
  @Expose
  private String LastName;
  @SerializedName("Occupation")
  @Expose
  private String Occupation;
  @SerializedName("State")
  @Expose
  private String State;
  @SerializedName("Status")
  @Expose
  private String Status;
  @SerializedName("TotalPoints")
  @Expose
  private Integer TotalPoints;

  public Integer getAge() {
    return Age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer Age) {
    this.Age = Age;
  }

  public String getBio() {
    return Bio;
  }

  public void setBio(String Bio) {
    this.Bio = Bio;
  }

  public String getCity() {
    return City;
  }

  public void setCity(String City) {
    this.City = City;
  }

  public Integer getContestantID() {
    return ContestantID;
  }

  public void setContestantID(Integer ContestantID) {
    this.ContestantID = ContestantID;
  }

  public Integer getCurrentWeekPoints() {
    return CurrentWeekPoints;
  }

  public void setCurrentWeekPoints(Integer CurrentWeekPoints) {
    this.CurrentWeekPoints = CurrentWeekPoints;
  }

  public String getFirstName() {
    return FirstName;
  }

  public void setFirstName(String FirstName) {
    this.FirstName = FirstName;
  }

  public String getImageURL() {
    return ImageURL;
  }

  public void setImageURL(String ImageURL) {
    this.ImageURL = ImageURL;
  }

  public String getLastName() {
    return LastName;
  }

  public void setLastName(String LastName) {
    this.LastName = LastName;
  }

  public String getOccupation() {
    return Occupation;
  }

  public void setOccupation(String Occupation) {
    this.Occupation = Occupation;
  }

  public String getState() {
    return State;
  }

  public void setState(String State) {
    this.State = State;
  }

  public String getStatus() {
    return Status;
  }

  public void setStatus(String Status) {
    this.Status = Status;
  }

  public Integer getTotalPoints() {
    return TotalPoints;
  }

  public void setTotalPoints(Integer TotalPoints) {
    this.TotalPoints = TotalPoints;
  }
}

将以下 Contestants class 添加到您的项目中：

import com.google.gson.annotations.Expose;
import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Contestants {

  @SerializedName("Contestants")
  @Expose
  private List<Contestant> Contestants = new ArrayList<Contestant>();
  @SerializedName("ResponseCode")
  @Expose
  private Boolean ResponseCode;
  @SerializedName("ResponseMessage")
  @Expose
  private String ResponseMessage;

  public List<Contestant> getContestants() {
    return Contestants;
  }

  public void setContestants(List<Contestant> Contestants) {
    this.Contestants = Contestants;
  }

  public Boolean getResponseCode() {
    return ResponseCode;
  }

  public void setResponseCode(Boolean ResponseCode) {
    this.ResponseCode = ResponseCode;
  }

  public String getResponseMessage() {
    return ResponseMessage;
  }

  public void setResponseMessage(String ResponseMessage) {
    this.ResponseMessage = ResponseMessage;
  }
}

以上 class 由 jsonschema2pojo

生成

要将 JSON 解析为等效的 Java 对象：

private Contestants parseContestants(String json) {
    return new Gson().fromJson(json, Contestants.class);
}

AsyncTask 的示例代码（第 4 步）：

private class GetContestantsAsync extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
    }

    @Override
    protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
        try {

            String xml = getContestants("Rjfk@vDV43F", "79C8RE30-ELJD-4617-VX2D-A374C8C59E3F");
            parseContestants(xml);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
    }
}

调用 AsyncTask 如下：

GetContestantsAsync getContestantsAsync = new GetContestantsAsync();
    getContestantsAsync.execute();

如何在 android 中创建 Web 服务来请求基于 C# 的 Web 服务？

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