不可能使对象具有递归类型约束?

Impossible to make object with a recursive type constraint?

这是一个纯粹的学术问题,不过是抄袭 关于类型约束。提问者以此为例:

type Something<'a, 'b when 'b :> seq<'b>>() =
    member __.x = 42

哪个 f# 编译愉快。现在的问题是你如何制作这个对象??

let z = new Something<???, ???>()
type T() =
    interface seq<T> with
        member this.GetEnumerator() = ([] :> seq<T>).GetEnumerator()
        member this.GetEnumerator() = ([] :> seq<T>).GetEnumerator() :> System.Collections.IEnumerator

let z = new Something<string, T>()

这是一种方法:

open System.Collections.Generic

type Node<'a> () =
    let getEmptyEnumerator () = Seq.empty<Node<'a>>.GetEnumerator ()
    interface IEnumerable<Node<'a>> with
        member this.GetEnumerator () = getEmptyEnumerator ()
        member this.GetEnumerator () =
            getEmptyEnumerator () :> System.Collections.IEnumerator

您可以将此 class 实现为 return 子节点序列,而不是 return 空序列。我称这种类型为 Node<'a>,因为它是在 C# 中为树(或图)建模的一种相当惯用的方式。

使用:

> let smth = Something<string, Node<int>> ();;    
val smth : Something<string,Node<int>>

> smth.x;;
val it : int = 42