Python 在字段访问 ctypes 时崩溃

Python crashes on field access ctypes

我正在使用 ctypes 模块调用 GetTcpTable2。 我一直在慢慢地将 C++ 中的示例 here 转换为 Python;但在现场访问期间出现崩溃。

if __name__ == "__main__":
    ptcp_table = POINTER(MIB_TCPTABLE2)()
    ptcp_table = cast(create_string_buffer(sizeof(MIB_TCPTABLE2)),
                      POINTER(MIB_TCPTABLE2))
    ip_addr = in_addr()
    size = c_ulong(sizeof(MIB_TCPTABLE2))
    retval = GetTcpTable2(ptcp_table, byref(size), TRUE)
    if retval == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:
        ptcp_table = cast(create_string_buffer(size.value),
                          POINTER(MIB_TCPTABLE2))
        if not ptcp_table:
            #throw error
            pass

    retval = GetTcpTable2(ptcp_table, byref(size), TRUE)
    if retval == NO_ERROR:
        print("Entries %d" % ptcp_table[0].dwNumEntries)
        for i in range(0, ptcp_table[0].dwNumEntries):
            print(ptcp_table[0].table[i])
            #ip_addr.S_un.S_addr = ptcp_table[0].table[i].dwLocalAddr
            #ip_addr_string = inet_nota(ip_addr)
            #print(ip_addr_string)
            #print(string_at(ip_addr_string))

尝试访问除 table[i] 之外的 dwLocalAddr 时崩溃。

ptcp_table[0].table[i].dwLocalAddr

然而它在打印 ptcp_table[0].table[i] 时不会崩溃。 我试过打印和访问其他字段;但是 Python 只是崩溃。

这是我的结构定义:

class MIB_TCPROW2(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("dwState", c_ulong),
        ("dwLocalAddr", c_ulong),
        ("dwLocalPort", c_ulong),
        ("dwRemoteAddr", c_ulong),
        ("dwRemotePort", c_ulong),
        ("dwOwningPid", c_ulong),
        ("dwOffloadState", c_int)
    ]


class MIB_TCPTABLE2(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("dwNumEntries", c_ulong),
        ("table", POINTER(MIB_TCPROW2))
    ]

GetTcpTable2的定义:

GetTcpTable2 = windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2
GetTcpTable2.argtypes = [POINTER(MIB_TCPTABLE2), POINTER(c_ulong), c_char]
GetTcpTable2.restype = c_ulong

我有一个小小的预感,在 MIB_TCPTABLE2 结构的定义中;文档说 tableMIB_TCPROW2 大小的数组 ANY_SIZE;进一步检查 ANY_SIZE 是 1 从检查 iphlpapi.h 文件。我知道 POINTER(MIB_TCPROW2) 的大小不等于 MIB_TCPROW2 的大小。

我研究了围绕结构内部可变长度字段的其他 ctypes 问题,并得出一个 answer 建议使用工厂方法生成 class 定义。

def MIB_TCPTABLE2_FACTORY(size):
    class MIB_TCPTABLE2(Structure):
        _fields_ = [
            ("dwNumEntries", c_ulong),
            ("table", MIB_TCPROW2 * size)
        ]
    return MIB_TCPTABLE2

我可以使用这个知道从 GetTcpTable2 返回的 size 来创建一个新类型。然后我所要做的就是更改 GetTcpTable2argtypes 以接受 void *.

GetTcpTable2.argtypes = [c_void_p, POINTER(c_ulong), c_char]

我就是这样解决的。我首先通过传入以下参数获得了所需的大小:

ret = windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2(None, byref(tcp_table_size), True)

注意None是第一个参数,传入ctypes windows函数时相当于NULL。然后我定义了 MIB_TCPTABLE2 class 并在其中传入了第一次调用 GetTcpTable2 返回的大小:

class MIB_TCPTABLE2(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("dwNumEntries", c_ulong),
        ("table", MIB_TCPROW2 * tcp_table_size.value),
    ]

接下来,我创建了一个结构实例,并再次调用 GetTcpTable2 传入新创建的结构:

tcp_table = MIB_TCPTABL2()

ret = windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2(byref(tcp_table), byref(tcp_table_size), True)

示例代码如下:

from ctypes import *
import socket
import struct

NO_ERROR = 0
ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 122

TcpConnectionOffloadStateInHost = 0
TcpConnectionOffloadStateOffloading = 1
TcpConnectionOffloadStateOffloaded = 2
TcpConnectionOffloadStateUploading = 3
TcpConnectionOffloadStateMax = 4

class MIB_TCPROW2(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("dwState", c_ulong),
        ("dwLocalAddr", c_ulong),
        ("dwLocalPort", c_ulong),
        ("dwRemoteAddr", c_ulong),
        ("dwRemotePort", c_ulong),
        ("dwOwningPid", c_ulong),
        ("dwOffloadState", c_ulong),
    ]
    
def main():
    windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2.argtypes = [c_void_p, POINTER(c_ulong), c_bool]
    tcp_table_size = c_ulong()
        
    ret = windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2(None, byref(tcp_table_size), True)
    if ret == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:
        class MIB_TCPTABLE2(Structure):
            _fields_ = [
                ("dwNumEntries", c_ulong),
                ("table", MIB_TCPROW2 * tcp_table_size.value),
            ]
        
        tcp_table = MIB_TCPTABLE2()
        
        ret = windll.iphlpapi.GetTcpTable2(byref(tcp_table), byref(tcp_table_size), True)
        if ret != NO_ERROR:
            print("ERROR: GetTcpTable2() failed, error = " + str(ret))
        else:
            for i in range(tcp_table.dwNumEntries):
                dest_ip = socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('<L', tcp_table.table[i].dwRemoteAddr))
                print("PID: " + str(tcp_table.table[i].dwOwningPid) + ", DEST IP: " + dest_ip)
    
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()