为什么接口的泛型方法可以在 Java 中实现为非泛型?

Why a generic method of an interface can be implemented as non-generic in Java?

假设我们有一些这样的测试interfaces/classes:

abstract class Plant {
    public abstract String getName();
}

interface Eatable { }

class Apple extends Plant implements Eatable {
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "Apple";
    }
}

class Rose extends Plant {
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "Rose";
    }
}

interface Animal {
    <T extends Plant & Eatable> void eat(T plant);
}

可以看到Animal.eat是一个有约束的泛型方法。现在我的 Human class 是这样的:

class Human implements Animal {
    @Override
    public void eat(Plant plant) {
    }
}

编译正常。您可以看到 Human.eatAnimal.eat 受到的限制更少,因为 Eatable 接口丢失了。

问题 1:为什么编译器不抱怨这种不一致?

Q2:如果编译器可以接受 Plant&Eatable 降级 Plant,为什么它会抱怨 eat(Object plant)

Lesson: Generics by Gilad Bracha 据他说

public static <T extends Object & Comparable<? super T>> T max(Collection<T> coll)

This is an example of giving multiple bounds for a type parameter, using the syntax T1 & T2 ... & Tn. A type variable with multiple bounds is known to be a subtype of all of the types listed in the bound. When a multiple bound is used, the first type mentioned in the bound is used as the erasure of the type variable.

因此您的示例 <T extends Plant & Eatable> void eat(T plant); 将被擦除为 void eat(Plant plant); 因此当您覆盖它时编译器不会抱怨

Ahmed 的回答是正确的,顺便说一句,如果你想限制 Animal 接口的实现,你应该这样声明它:

interface Animal<T extends Plant & Eatable>  {
    void eat(T plant);
}

然后,如果您在不提供类型信息的情况下实现 Animal 接口,编译器将使用最小意外策略将 T 推断为 Plant 类型。但如果您提供必要的类型信息,编译器就可以正常工作。

class Human implements Animal<Rose> // won't compile
class Human implements Animal<Apple> // compile