使用 python 发送消息时出现错误 400

Question

我正在尝试使用 Gmail API 发送电子邮件。我已经成功通过身份验证，并且在我的机器上有一个 client_secret.json 文件。我已经能够使用 Gmail API 网站

上的快速入门示例获取标签列表

我已成功将范围重置为

SCOPES = 'https://mail.google.com'

允许完全访问我的 gmail 帐户。

我有一个 python 脚本，从 here and here 编译而来。见下文。执行脚本时出现以下错误消息：

An error occurred: https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send?alt=json returned "'raw' RFC822 payload message string or uploading message via /upload/* URL required">

关于我做错了什么以及如何解决它有什么想法吗？

from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import time
from time import strftime, localtime
import os

import base64
import os
import httplib2
from httplib2 import Http

from apiclient import errors
from apiclient import discovery

import oauth2client
from oauth2client import file, client, tools

SCOPES = 'https://mail.google.com'
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = 'client_secret.json'
store = file.Storage('storage.json')
credentials = store.get()
if not credentials or credentials.invalid:
    flags = argparse.ArgumentParser(parents=[tools.argparser]).parse_args()
    flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets('client_secret.json', SCOPES)
    credentials = tools.run_flow(flow, store, flags)

def get_credentials():
    """Gets valid user credentials from storage.

    If nothing has been stored, or if the stored credentials are invalid,
    the OAuth2 flow is completed to obtain the new credentials.

    Returns:
        Credentials, the obtained credential.
    """
    home_dir = os.path.expanduser('~')
    credential_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, '.credentials')
    if not os.path.exists(credential_dir):
        os.makedirs(credential_dir)
    credential_path = os.path.join(credential_dir,
        'gmail-python-quickstart.json')

    store = oauth2client.file.Storage(credential_path)
    credentials = store.get()
    if not credentials or credentials.invalid:
        flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets(CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES)
        flow.user_agent = APPLICATION_NAME
        if flags:
            credentials = tools.run_flow(flow, store, flags)
        else: # Needed only for compatibility with Python 2.6
            credentials = tools.run(flow, store)
        print('Storing credentials to ' + credential_path)
    return credentials


def send_message(service, user_id, message):
  """Send an email message.

  Args:
    service: Authorized Gmail API service instance.
    user_id: User's email address. The special value "me"
    can be used to indicate the authenticated user.
    message: Message to be sent.

  Returns:
    Sent Message.
  """
  try:
      message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message)
                 .execute())
      print ('Message Id: %s' % message['id'])
      return message
  except errors.HttpError, error:
      print ('An error occurred: %s' % error)


def main():
    credentials = get_credentials()
    http = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
    service = discovery.build('gmail', 'v1', http=http)
    send_message(service, 'me','test message')


main()

Answer 1

必须按照 Sending Email 指南中概述的方式创建消息：

def create_message(sender, to, subject, message_text):
  message = MIMEText(message_text)
  message['to'] = to
  message['from'] = sender
  message['subject'] = subject
  return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}

def main():
  credentials = get_credentials()
  http = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
  service = discovery.build('gmail', 'v1', http=http)
  message = create_message(
    'sender@gmail.com', 'receiver@gmail.com', 'Subject', 'Message text'
  )
  send_message(service, 'me', message)

使用 python 发送消息时出现错误 400

Error 400 when sending a message using python

python

raspberry-pi

gmail-api