Guice 指定用于注入的模块

Question

在我的应用程序中，有多个模块将某些内容绑定到特定名称或 class。有没有办法告诉 Guice，在解析要注入的依赖项时应该使用哪些模块。

我的简化依赖图看起来像这样，其中蓝色表示来自模块 1 的 classes，红色表示来自模块 2 的 classes。现在我想 创建两个实例来自 A class，但不同的 classes 绑定到某些依赖项.

public class Module1 extends AbstractModule {
    @Override
    protected void configure() {
        bind(C.class).to(C_Impl1.class)
        bind(D.class).to(D_Impl1.class)
    }
}


public class Module2 extends AbstractModule {
    @Override
    protected void configure() {
        bind(C.class).to(C_Impl2.class)
        bind(D.class).to(D_Impl2.class)
    }
}

public class Application {
    @Inject @UseModules(Module1, ...) private final A someClassUsingImpl1;
    @Inject @UseModules(Module2, ...) private final A someClassUsingImpl2;

    public void doSomethingWithImpl1() {
        someClassUsingImpl1.doSomething() 
    }

    public void doSomethingWithImpl2() {
        someClassUsingImpl2.doSomething() 
    }
}

Answer 1

这就是 private modules 的问题所在。您仍然需要使用绑定注释来区分您是在请求 A 的 Impl1 版本还是 A.

的 Impl2 版本

/** Marks Impl1 classes. Inject @Impl1 A to get A using C_Impl1 and D_Impl1. */
@BindingAnnotation
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Impl1 {}

/** Marks Impl2 classes. Inject @Impl2 A to get A using C_Impl2 and D_Impl2. */
@BindingAnnotation
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Impl2 {}

/** This is now a PrivateModule. Only exposed bindings can be used outside. */
public class Module1 extends PrivateModule {
    @Override
    protected void configure() {
        // Bind C and D as you had before.
        bind(C.class).to(C_Impl1.class);
        bind(D.class).to(D_Impl1.class);
        // Here's the tricky part: You're binding "@Impl1 A" to
        // "A" without a binding annotation, but only in here.
        bind(A.class).annotatedWith(Impl1.class).to(A.class);
        // Now you expose @Impl1 A, so it can be used outside.
        // As long as A, C, and D are only bound within private modules,
        // they won't conflict with one another, and @Impl1 A is unique.
        expose(A.class).annotatedWith(Impl1.class);
    }
}

/** Treat Module2 the same way, as a private module. */

public class Application {
    @Inject @Impl1 private final A someClassUsingImpl1;
    @Inject @Impl2 private final A someClassUsingImpl2;
    // ...
}

如果这对您来说是一种常见的模式，请创建一个通用的 PrivateModule，它接受类作为构造函数参数而变化，这样您就不需要自己重复了。这些可以添加到顶层注入器，或者installed within other modules.

Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(new YourMainModule(),
    new ImplModule(Impl1.class, C_Impl1.class, D_Impl1.class),
    new ImplModule(Impl2.class, C_Impl2.class, D_Impl2.class));

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