如何检查特定 RecyclerView 项目上的视图是否可见？

Question

我刚开始使用浓缩咖啡。我无法真正得到我想要使用此代码测试的内容：

    onData(withId(R.id.relativelayout_tag))
        .inAdapterView(withId(R.id.recyclerview_tag_list))
        .onChildView(withId(R.id.imageview_tag))
        .atPosition(1)
        .check(matches(isDisplayed()));

其中 R.id.imageview_tag 是 R.id.relativelayout_tag 的子代。 R.id.relativelayout_tag 包含我的适配器项目的全部内容。 R.id.recyclerview_tag_list 是我的 RecyclerView 的名字，我在上面分配了一个特定的 RecyclerView Adapter.

这是一个非常非常基础的测试。以下是用户程序：

Select, SPECIFICALLY, RecyclerView 上的第一项（我真的不在乎什么文本在视图上）。也不建议使用视图文本来标识第一项。 我不关心适配器项目的内容，甚至不关心在某些视图上放置唯一标签。
在 select 上，指示器视图（显示该项目的 ImageView selected) 应该出现。

非常基础和简单。使用 Espresso 为这个基本用户故事编写测试非常困难。当我运行该特定测试时，它总是失败说明：

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be performed because the target view does not match one or more of the following constraints:
(is assignable from class: class android.widget.AdapterView and is displayed on the screen to the user)
Target view: "RecyclerView{id=2131624115, res-name=recyclerview_tag_list, visibility=VISIBLE, width=480, height=1032, has-focus=false, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=true, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=15}"

这没有意义，因为我已经看到了列表。我什至可以运行这个测试就好了:

    onView(withId(R.id.recyclerview_tag_list))
            .perform(RecyclerViewActions
            .actionOnItemAtPosition(1, click()));

完整测试如下：

@Test
public void shouldTagToggleSelected()
{
    onView(withId(R.id.recyclerview_tag_list))
            .perform(RecyclerViewActions
            .actionOnItemAtPosition(1, click()));

    onData(withId(R.id.relativelayout_tag))
        .inAdapterView(withId(R.id.recyclerview_tag_list))
        .onChildView(withId(R.id.imageview_tag))
        .atPosition(1)
        .check(matches(isDisplayed()));

    //onView(withId(R.id.imageview_tag))
    //        .check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}

如果指示器视图的可见性设置为 visible 仅针对该特定项目（或我选择的任何项目），我想测试的内容。

有什么想法吗？也许我很想念什么。

非常感谢！

Answer 1

onData 不适用于 RecyclerView，因为 RecyclerView 不扩展 AdapterView。

您需要使用 onView 来做出您的断言。如果它是回收站视图中的第一项，那么您可以使用类似这样的匹配器来进行断言：

public static Matcher<View> withViewAtPosition(final int position, final Matcher<View> itemMatcher) {
        return new BoundedMatcher<View, RecyclerView>(RecyclerView.class) {
            @Override
            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                itemMatcher.describeTo(description);
            }

            @Override
            protected boolean matchesSafely(RecyclerView recyclerView) {
                final RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder = recyclerView.findViewHolderForAdapterPosition(position);
                return viewHolder != null && itemMatcher.matches(viewHolder.itemView);
            }
        };
}

用法如下：

    onView(withId(R.id.recyclerview_tag_list))
            .check(matches(withViewAtPosition(1, hasDescendant(allOf(withId(R.id.imageview_tag), isDisplayed())))));

请记住，如果您的 ViewHolder 尚未布局，此匹配器将失败。如果是这种情况，您需要使用 RecyclerViewActions 滚动到 ViewHolder。如果在使用匹配器之前单击测试中的项目，则无需滚动。

Answer 2

我在检查不可见的元素线性布局时出现异常错误。要解决它，我必须添加 withFailureHandler 如下：

class MyTest {

        boolean isViewVisible = true;

        public void test1(){

           onView(withRecyclerView(R.id.recycler_view)
                .atPositionOnView(index, R.id.linear_layout))
                .withFailureHandler(new FailureHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void handle(Throwable error, Matcher<View> viewMatcher){

                        isViewVisible = false;                            
                    }
                })
          .check(isVisible());

          //wait for failure handler to finish
          try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }

          if(isViewVisible){

              //do something
          }
        }
}

class MyTestUtil {

    public static RecyclerViewMatcher withRecyclerView(final int recyclerViewId) {

        return new RecyclerViewMatcher(recyclerViewId);
    }

    public static ViewAssertion isVisible() {

        return new ViewAssertion() {
            public void check(View view, NoMatchingViewException noView) {
                assertThat(view, new VisibilityMatcher(View.VISIBLE));
            }
        };
    }
}


public class RecyclerViewMatcher {
    private final int recyclerViewId;

    public RecyclerViewMatcher(int recyclerViewId) {
        this.recyclerViewId = recyclerViewId;
    }

    public Matcher<View> atPosition(final int position) {
        return atPositionOnView(position, -1);
    }

    public Matcher<View> atPositionOnView(final int position, final int targetViewId) {

        return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
            Resources resources = null;
            View childView;

            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                String idDescription = Integer.toString(recyclerViewId);
                if (this.resources != null) {
                    try {
                        idDescription = this.resources.getResourceName(recyclerViewId);
                    } catch (Resources.NotFoundException var4) {
                        idDescription = String.format("%s (resource name not found)",
                                new Object[] { Integer.valueOf
                                        (recyclerViewId) });
                    }
                }

                description.appendText("with id: " + idDescription);
            }

            public boolean matchesSafely(View view) {

                this.resources = view.getResources();

                if (childView == null) {
                    RecyclerView recyclerView =
                            (RecyclerView) view.getRootView().findViewById(recyclerViewId);
                    if (recyclerView != null && recyclerView.getId() == recyclerViewId) {
                        childView = recyclerView.findViewHolderForAdapterPosition(position).itemView;
                    }
                    else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                if (targetViewId == -1) {
                    return view == childView;
                } else {
                    View targetView = childView.findViewById(targetViewId);
                    return view == targetView;
                }

            }
        };
    }
}

如何检查特定 RecyclerView 项目上的视图是否可见？

How to check if a View is VISIBLE on a specific RecyclerView item?

android

unit-testing

android-espresso