如何使用 APNs Auth Key 和标准 CLI 工具发送 APNs 推送消息？

Question

Apple 最近向 APNS 添加了一种新的身份验证方法 ()。

下载的密钥是一个 .p8 包含私钥的文件：

$ cat APNSAuthKey_3HHEB343FX.p8
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
MIGTAgEAMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHBH...Already.Revoked...lHEjCX1v51W
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

我正在使用旧方法使用 APNs 消息 - 将它们添加到钥匙串，请求证书并使用 OpenSSL 将消息发送到 gateway.production.push.apple.com:2195。

如何使用新格式使用标准 CLI Linux 工具（OpenSSL、Python 等）发送推送通知？

Answer 1

您可以使用 Apple 推送通知身份验证密钥（沙盒和生产）通过 NODE JS 发送推送通知。 this link

中有 Elad Nava 提供的教程

本教程包含创建 Apple 推送通知身份验证密钥和设置本地服务器到运行 Node JS 代码以发送推送通知的所有步骤。您可以运行本地计算机中的代码并测试推送通知。

希望这会有所帮助。

Answer 2

如果您的计算机上安装了支持 HTTP/2 的 curl 和支持 ECDSA 的 openssl，您可以使用以下脚本通过 APNs 授权密钥测试推送通知：

#!/bin/bash

deviceToken=b27371497b85611baf9052b4ccfb9641ab7fea1d01c91732149c99cc3ed9342f

authKey="./APNSAuthKey_ABC1234DEF.p8"
authKeyId=ABC1234DEF
teamId=TEAM123456
bundleId=com.example.myapp
endpoint=https://api.development.push.apple.com

read -r -d '' payload <<-'EOF'
{
   "aps": {
      "badge": 2,
      "category": "mycategory",
      "alert": {
         "title": "my title",
         "subtitle": "my subtitle",
         "body": "my body text message"
      }
   },
   "custom": {
      "mykey": "myvalue"
   }
}
EOF

# --------------------------------------------------------------------------

base64() {
   openssl base64 -e -A | tr -- '+/' '-_' | tr -d =
}

sign() {
   printf "" | openssl dgst -binary -sha256 -sign "$authKey" | base64
}

time=$(date +%s)
header=$(printf '{ "alg": "ES256", "kid": "%s" }' "$authKeyId" | base64)
claims=$(printf '{ "iss": "%s", "iat": %d }' "$teamId" "$time" | base64)
jwt="$header.$claims.$(sign $header.$claims)"

curl --verbose \
   --header "content-type: application/json" \
   --header "authorization: bearer $jwt" \
   --header "apns-topic: $bundleId" \
   --data "$payload" \
   $endpoint/3/device/$deviceToken

注意： 我使用此脚本的一个细微变化在 macOS 上使用 homebrew 版本的 curl 和 openssl 进行测试：http://thrysoee.dk/apns/

Apple 现在有 this 方法 Send a Push Notification Using a Token.

的文档

Answer 3

瞧 PHP curl 和 HTTP/2 的样子。此脚本 return 200 ok 状态代码以及生成的令牌 ID。

// THE FINAL SCRIPT WITHOUT DEPENDENCIES!!! ...except curl with http2
$device_token = "a0abd886etc...";
//echo $key;
$kid      = "YOURKEYID";
$teamId   = "YOURTEAMID";
$app_bundle_id = "your.app.bundle";
$base_url = "https://api.development.push.apple.com";

$header = ["alg" => "ES256", "kid" => $kid];
$header = base64_encode(json_encode($header));

$claim = ["iss" => $teamId, "iat" => time()];
$claim = base64_encode(json_encode($claim));

$token = $header.".".$claim;
// key in same folder as the script
$filename = "KeyFromApple.p8";
$pkey     = openssl_pkey_get_private("file://{$filename}");
$signature;
openssl_sign($token, $signature, $pkey, 'sha256');
$sign = base64_encode($signature);

$jws = $token.".".$sign;

$message = '{"aps":{"alert":"You are welcome.","sound":"default"}}';

function sendHTTP2Push($curl, $base_url, $app_bundle_id, $message, $device_token, $jws) {

    $url = "{$base_url}/3/device/{$device_token}";
    // headers
    $headers = array(
        "apns-topic: {$app_bundle_id}",
        'Authorization: bearer ' . $jws
    );
    // other curl options
    curl_setopt_array($curl, array(
        CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION => CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2_0,
        CURLOPT_URL => $url,
        CURLOPT_PORT => 443,
        CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $headers,
        CURLOPT_POST => TRUE,
        CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $message,
        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => TRUE,
        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 30,
        CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => FALSE,
        CURLOPT_HEADER => 1
    ));
    // go...
    $result = curl_exec($curl);
    if ($result === FALSE) {
        throw new Exception("Curl failed: " .  curl_error($curl));
    }
    print_r($result."\n");
    // get response
    $status = curl_getinfo($curl);
    return $status;
}
// open connection
$curl = curl_init();
sendHTTP2Push($curl, $base_url, $app_bundle_id, $message, $device_token, $jws);

Answer 4

尼古拉斯·曼齐尼 (Nicolas Manzini) 提供的答案虽然有帮助，但对我来说并不完全适用。我还想使用命令行 curl。特别是，读取 .p8 文件会导致一些问题。修改版本：

<?php

$teamid = 'YOURTEAMID';
$keyid = 'A464FN6T93';     // in the name of the file downloaded from Apple Certs

// since it is a universal key, I wanted this in a location accessible to several accounts
$keyFile = '/path/to/file/AuthKey_A464FN6T93.p8';

$privateKey = openssl_pkey_get_private('file://' . $keyFile);

if (! $privateKey) {
    die('could not find: ' . $keyFile);
}

$header = ['alg' => 'ES256', 'kid' => $keyid];
$header = base64_encode(json_encode($header));

$claim = ['iss' => $teamid, 'iat' => time()];
$claim = base64_encode(json_encode($claim));

$tok = $header . '.' . $claim;

// pass in empty $signature, 2nd line below fills it
$signature = '';
$result = openssl_sign($tok, $signature, $privateKey, OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA256);      //  'sha256'
if (! $result) {
    die('unable to create signature');
}

$sign = base64_encode($signature);

openssl_free_key($privateKey);

$jwt = $tok . '.' . $sign;

foreach($tokens as $token) {
    $cmd = '\
    /usr/local/bin/curl -v \
    -d \'{"aps":{"alert":{"title":"Notification Title","body":"You are being notified!"},"sound":"default"}}\' \
    -H "apns-topic: com.app.bundle.id" \
    -H "authorization: bearer ' . $jwt . '" \
    -H "content-type:application/json" \
    --http2 \
    https://api.push.apple.com/3/device/' . $token . ' 2>&1';    // ending w/ 2>&1, sends output to $output

    exec($cmd, $output, $return);

    if ($return != 0) {
        // be notified of error
    }
    else {
        foreach($output as $line) {
            if (strpos($line, 'apns-id')) {
                $apns = $line;
            }
        }
    }
}

?>

如何使用 APNs Auth Key 和标准 CLI 工具发送 APNs 推送消息？

How to send APNs push messages using APNs Auth Key and standard CLI tools?

apple-push-notifications