嵌套 bash 命令在 teamcity ssh exec 中不起作用
Nested bash command not working in teamcity ssh exec
我正在尝试编写脚本以使用 "SSH EXEC" 类型构建步骤在 teamcity 中重启我的服务器。
脚本必须做的一件事是解压缩我在上一步中上传的 zip 文件，但是文件名中的版本总是会改变，所以我正在尝试使用嵌套命令。
unzip `ls | grep zip`
当我通过 ssh 连接到我的服务器并在终端中执行此操作时，这对我有用，但当 teamcity 尝试执行此操作时，它不起作用。我在构建日志中收到以下消息
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] UnZip 6.00 of 20 April 2009, by Debian. Original by Info-ZIP.
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] Usage: unzip [-Z] [-opts[modifiers]] file[.zip] [list] [-x xlist] [-d exdir]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] Default action is to extract files in list, except those in xlist, to exdir;
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] file[.zip] may be a wildcard. -Z => ZipInfo mode ("unzip -Z" for usage).
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -p extract files to pipe, no messages -l list files (short format)
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -f freshen existing files, create none -t test compressed archive data
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -u update files, create if necessary -z display archive comment only
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -v list verbosely/show version info -T timestamp archive to latest
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -x exclude files that follow (in xlist) -d extract files into exdir
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] modifiers:
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -n never overwrite existing files -q quiet mode (-qq => quieter)
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -o overwrite files WITHOUT prompting -a auto-convert any text files
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -j junk paths (do not make directories) -aa treat ALL files as text
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -U use escapes for all non-ASCII Unicode -UU ignore any Unicode fields
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -C match filenames case-insensitively -L make (some) names lowercase
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -X restore UID/GID info -V retain VMS version numbers
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -K keep setuid/setgid/tacky permissions -M pipe through "more" pager
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -O CHARSET specify a character encoding for DOS, Windows and OS/2 archives
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -I CHARSET specify a character encoding for UNIX and other archives
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] See "unzip -hh" or unzip.txt for more help. Examples:
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip data1 -x joe => extract all files except joe from zipfile data1.zip
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip -p foo | more => send contents of foo.zip via pipe into program more
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip -fo foo ReadMe => quietly replace existing ReadMe if archive file newer
[19:36:56][Step 3/3] SSH exit-code [0]
当没有参数时，这就是 unzip 输出的内容。我的猜测是 ls | grep zip 返回一个空字符串，因为 ls 没有找到任何东西。
我认为这是本地 shell 如何处理输入到 ssh 的字符串的产物。当你这样做时
ssh $host "unzip `ls | grep zip`"
from a local bash shell, bash 看到有嵌入的subshell 就先在本地执行ls | grep zip, 嵌入结果进入字符串，并将生成的字符串传递给 ssh。由于（大概）在执行此 ssh 命令的当前目录中没有 zip 文件，因此传递给远程的实际命令 shell 变为
ssh $host "unzip "
解决这个问题的方法是转义反引号，这样它们就不会被 bash 解释，而是嵌入并转发到远程 shell:
ssh $host "unzip \`ls | grep zip\`"
我正在尝试编写脚本以使用 "SSH EXEC" 类型构建步骤在 teamcity 中重启我的服务器。
脚本必须做的一件事是解压缩我在上一步中上传的 zip 文件，但是文件名中的版本总是会改变，所以我正在尝试使用嵌套命令。
unzip `ls | grep zip`
当我通过 ssh 连接到我的服务器并在终端中执行此操作时，这对我有用，但当 teamcity 尝试执行此操作时，它不起作用。我在构建日志中收到以下消息
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] UnZip 6.00 of 20 April 2009, by Debian. Original by Info-ZIP.
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] Usage: unzip [-Z] [-opts[modifiers]] file[.zip] [list] [-x xlist] [-d exdir]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] Default action is to extract files in list, except those in xlist, to exdir;
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] file[.zip] may be a wildcard. -Z => ZipInfo mode ("unzip -Z" for usage).
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -p extract files to pipe, no messages -l list files (short format)
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -f freshen existing files, create none -t test compressed archive data
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -u update files, create if necessary -z display archive comment only
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -v list verbosely/show version info -T timestamp archive to latest
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -x exclude files that follow (in xlist) -d extract files into exdir
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] modifiers:
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -n never overwrite existing files -q quiet mode (-qq => quieter)
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -o overwrite files WITHOUT prompting -a auto-convert any text files
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -j junk paths (do not make directories) -aa treat ALL files as text
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -U use escapes for all non-ASCII Unicode -UU ignore any Unicode fields
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -C match filenames case-insensitively -L make (some) names lowercase
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -X restore UID/GID info -V retain VMS version numbers
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -K keep setuid/setgid/tacky permissions -M pipe through "more" pager
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -O CHARSET specify a character encoding for DOS, Windows and OS/2 archives
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] -I CHARSET specify a character encoding for UNIX and other archives
[19:36:55][Step 3/3]
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] See "unzip -hh" or unzip.txt for more help. Examples:
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip data1 -x joe => extract all files except joe from zipfile data1.zip
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip -p foo | more => send contents of foo.zip via pipe into program more
[19:36:55][Step 3/3] unzip -fo foo ReadMe => quietly replace existing ReadMe if archive file newer
[19:36:56][Step 3/3] SSH exit-code [0]
当没有参数时，这就是 unzip 输出的内容。我的猜测是 ls | grep zip 返回一个空字符串，因为 ls 没有找到任何东西。
我认为这是本地 shell 如何处理输入到 ssh 的字符串的产物。当你这样做时
ssh $host "unzip `ls | grep zip`"
from a local bash shell, bash 看到有嵌入的subshell 就先在本地执行ls | grep zip, 嵌入结果进入字符串，并将生成的字符串传递给 ssh。由于（大概）在执行此 ssh 命令的当前目录中没有 zip 文件，因此传递给远程的实际命令 shell 变为
ssh $host "unzip "
解决这个问题的方法是转义反引号，这样它们就不会被 bash 解释，而是嵌入并转发到远程 shell:
ssh $host "unzip \`ls | grep zip\`"