如何使用 boto3 将文件或数据写入 S3 对象

How to write a file or data to an S3 object using boto3

在 boto 2 中,您可以使用这些方法写入 S3 对象:

是否有等效的 boto 3?将数据保存到存储在 S3 上的对象的 boto3 方法是什么?

在 boto 3 中,'Key.set_contents_from_' 方法被

取代

例如:

import boto3

some_binary_data = b'Here we have some data'
more_binary_data = b'Here we have some more data'

# Method 1: Object.put()
s3 = boto3.resource('s3')
object = s3.Object('my_bucket_name', 'my/key/including/filename.txt')
object.put(Body=some_binary_data)

# Method 2: Client.put_object()
client = boto3.client('s3')
client.put_object(Body=more_binary_data, Bucket='my_bucket_name', Key='my/key/including/anotherfilename.txt')

或者,二进制数据可以来自读取文件,如 the official docs comparing boto 2 and boto 3:

中所述

Storing Data

Storing data from a file, stream, or string is easy:

# Boto 2.x
from boto.s3.key import Key
key = Key('hello.txt')
key.set_contents_from_file('/tmp/hello.txt')

# Boto 3
s3.Object('mybucket', 'hello.txt').put(Body=open('/tmp/hello.txt', 'rb'))

boto3也有直接上传文件的方法:

s3 = boto3.resource('s3')    
s3.Bucket('bucketname').upload_file('/local/file/here.txt','folder/sub/path/to/s3key')

http://boto3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/services/s3.html#S3.Bucket.upload_file

这里有一个从 s3 读取 JSON 的好技巧:

import json, boto3
s3 = boto3.resource("s3").Bucket("bucket")
json.load_s3 = lambda f: json.load(s3.Object(key=f).get()["Body"])
json.dump_s3 = lambda obj, f: s3.Object(key=f).put(Body=json.dumps(obj))

现在您可以使用 json.load_s3json.dump_s3loaddump

相同的 API
data = {"test":0}
json.dump_s3(data, "key") # saves json to s3://bucket/key
data = json.load_s3("key") # read json from s3://bucket/key

在写入 S3 中的文件之前,您不再需要将内容转换为二进制文件。以下示例在 S3 存储桶中创建一个包含字符串内容的新文本文件(称为 newfile.txt):

import boto3

s3 = boto3.resource(
    's3',
    region_name='us-east-1',
    aws_access_key_id=KEY_ID,
    aws_secret_access_key=ACCESS_KEY
)
content="String content to write to a new S3 file"
s3.Object('my-bucket-name', 'newfile.txt').put(Body=content)

我用来将文件动态上传到给定的 S3 存储桶和子文件夹的更简洁的版本-

import boto3

BUCKET_NAME = 'sample_bucket_name'
PREFIX = 'sub-folder/'

s3 = boto3.resource('s3')

# Creating an empty file called "_DONE" and putting it in the S3 bucket
s3.Object(BUCKET_NAME, PREFIX + '_DONE').put(Body="")

注意:您应该始终将您的 AWS 凭证(aws_access_key_idaws_secret_access_key)放在单独的文件中,例如 - ~/.aws/credentials

值得一提的是 smart-open 使用 boto3 作为后端。

smart-open 是 python 的 open 的替代品,它可以打开来自 s3 以及 ftp 的文件,http 和许多其他协议。

例如

from smart_open import open
import json
with open("s3://your_bucket/your_key.json", 'r') as f:
    data = json.load(f)

aws 凭据通过 boto3 credentials 加载,通常是 ~/.aws/ 目录中的文件或环境变量。

您可以使用以下代码在 2019 年将图像写入 S3。要连接到 S3,您必须使用命令 pip install awscli 安装 AWS CLI,然后使用输入一些凭据命令 aws configure:

import urllib3
import uuid
from pathlib import Path
from io import BytesIO
from errors import custom_exceptions as cex

BUCKET_NAME = "xxx.yyy.zzz"
POSTERS_BASE_PATH = "assets/wallcontent"
CLOUDFRONT_BASE_URL = "https://xxx.cloudfront.net/"


class S3(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.client = boto3.client('s3')
        self.bucket_name = BUCKET_NAME
        self.posters_base_path = POSTERS_BASE_PATH

    def __download_image(self, url):
        manager = urllib3.PoolManager()
        try:
            res = manager.request('GET', url)
        except Exception:
            print("Could not download the image from URL: ", url)
            raise cex.ImageDownloadFailed
        return BytesIO(res.data)  # any file-like object that implements read()

    def upload_image(self, url):
        try:
            image_file = self.__download_image(url)
        except cex.ImageDownloadFailed:
            raise cex.ImageUploadFailed

        extension = Path(url).suffix
        id = uuid.uuid1().hex + extension
        final_path = self.posters_base_path + "/" + id
        try:
            self.client.upload_fileobj(image_file,
                                       self.bucket_name,
                                       final_path
                                       )
        except Exception:
            print("Image Upload Error for URL: ", url)
            raise cex.ImageUploadFailed

        return CLOUDFRONT_BASE_URL + id

经过一番研究,我发现了这个。它可以使用一个简单的 csv 编写器来实现。就是直接把字典写成CSV到S3 bucket。

例如:data_dict = [{"Key1": "value1", "Key2": "value2"}, {"Key1": "value4", "Key2": "value3"}] 假设所有字典中的键都是统一的。

import csv
import boto3

# Sample input dictionary
data_dict = [{"Key1": "value1", "Key2": "value2"}, {"Key1": "value4", "Key2": "value3"}]
data_dict_keys = data_dict[0].keys()

# creating a file buffer
file_buff = StringIO()
# writing csv data to file buffer
writer = csv.DictWriter(file_buff, fieldnames=data_dict_keys)
writer.writeheader()
for data in data_dict:
    writer.writerow(data)
# creating s3 client connection
client = boto3.client('s3')
# placing file to S3, file_buff.getvalue() is the CSV body for the file
client.put_object(Body=file_buff.getvalue(), Bucket='my_bucket_name', Key='my/key/including/anotherfilename.txt')