在 pyqt 中使用 cefpython。 setLayout() 获取浏览器释放共享请求上下文时无法显示
Using cefpython in pyqt. When setLayout() get browser releasing shared request context and can not show
此代码仅来自 Github 示例，我想在 class MainFrame 中执行 setLayout(mainlayout) 时添加我自己的 titlebar.But，cefpython 将执行此操作：
[CEF Python] RemovePyBrowser：释放共享请求上下文
[CEF Python] del g_pyBrowsers[1]
并且无法显示浏览器内容。
试了很多次都不知道why.Please求助，谢谢！
代码如下：
# An example of embedding CEF browser in a PyQt4 application.
# Tested with PyQt 4.10.3 (Qt 4.8.5).
import os, sys
libcef_dll = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),
'libcef.dll')
if os.path.exists(libcef_dll):
# Import a local module
if (2,7) <= sys.version_info < (2,8):
import cefpython_py27 as cefpython
elif (3,4) <= sys.version_info < (3,4):
import cefpython_py34 as cefpython
else:
raise Exception("Unsupported python version: %s" % sys.version)
else:
# Import an installed package
from cefpython3 import cefpython
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtCore
def GetApplicationPath(file=None):
import re, os, platform
# On Windows after downloading file and calling Browser.GoForward(),
# current working directory is set to %UserProfile%.
# Calling os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# returns for eg. "C:\Users\user\Downloads". A solution
# is to cache path on first call.
if not hasattr(GetApplicationPath, "dir"):
if hasattr(sys, "frozen"):
dir = os.path.dirname(sys.executable)
elif "__file__" in globals():
dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
else:
dir = os.getcwd()
GetApplicationPath.dir = dir
# If file is None return current directory without trailing slash.
if file is None:
file = ""
# Only when relative path.
if not file.startswith("/") and not file.startswith("\") and (
not re.search(r"^[\w-]+:", file)):
path = GetApplicationPath.dir + os.sep + file
if platform.system() == "Windows":
path = re.sub(r"[/\]+", re.escape(os.sep), path)
path = re.sub(r"[/\]+$", "", path)
return path
return str(file)
def ExceptHook(excType, excValue, traceObject):
import traceback, os, time, codecs
# This hook does the following: in case of exception write it to
# the "error.log" file, display it to the console, shutdown CEF
# and exit application immediately by ignoring "finally" (os._exit()).
errorMsg = "\n".join(traceback.format_exception(excType, excValue,
traceObject))
errorFile = GetApplicationPath("error.log")
try:
appEncoding = cefpython.g_applicationSettings["string_encoding"]
except:
appEncoding = "utf-8"
if type(errorMsg) == bytes:
errorMsg = errorMsg.decode(encoding=appEncoding, errors="replace")
try:
with codecs.open(errorFile, mode="a", encoding=appEncoding) as fp:
fp.write("\n[%s] %s\n" % (
time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), errorMsg))
except:
print("[pyqt.py] WARNING: failed writing to error file: %s" % (
errorFile))
# Convert error message to ascii before printing, otherwise
# you may get error like this:
# | UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters
errorMsg = errorMsg.encode("ascii", errors="replace")
errorMsg = errorMsg.decode("ascii", errors="replace")
print("\n"+errorMsg+"\n")
cefpython.QuitMessageLoop()
cefpython.Shutdown()
os._exit(1)
class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
mainFrame = None
def __init__(self):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(None)
#self.createMenu()
self.mainFrame = MainFrame(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.mainFrame)
self.resize(1024, 768)
self.setWindowTitle('PyQT CEF 3 example')
self.setFocusPolicy(QtCore.Qt.StrongFocus)
def createMenu(self):
menubar = self.menuBar()
filemenu = menubar.addMenu("&File")
filemenu.addAction(QtGui.QAction("Open", self))
filemenu.addAction(QtGui.QAction("Exit", self))
aboutmenu = menubar.addMenu("&About")
def focusInEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSetFocus(int(self.centralWidget().winId()), 0, 0, 0)
def closeEvent(self, event):
self.mainFrame.chrom.browser.CloseBrowser()
class MainFrame(QtGui.QWidget):
browser = None
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent)
self.chrom = chrom()
self.initUi()
#windowInfo = cefpython.WindowInfo()
#windowInfo.SetAsChild(int(self.winId()))
#self.browser = cefpython.CreateBrowserSync(windowInfo,
#browserSettings={},
#navigateUrl="http://whosebug.com/")
#self.show()
def initUi(self):
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton()
mainlayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
mainlayout.addWidget(self.button)
mainlayout.addWidget(self.chrom)
self.setLayout(mainlayout)
#def moveEvent(self, event):
#cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
#def resizeEvent(self, event):
#cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
class chrom(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(chrom, self).__init__(parent)
windowInfo = cefpython.WindowInfo()
windowInfo.SetAsChild(int(self.winId()))
self.browser = cefpython.CreateBrowserSync(windowInfo,
browserSettings={},
navigateUrl="https://www.baidu.com")
def moveEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
class CefApplication(QtGui.QApplication):
timer = None
def __init__(self, args):
super(CefApplication, self).__init__(args)
self.createTimer()
def createTimer(self):
self.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.onTimer)
self.timer.start(10)
def onTimer(self):
# The proper way of doing message loop should be:
# 1. In createTimer() call self.timer.start(0)
# 2. In onTimer() call MessageLoopWork() only when
# QtGui.QApplication.instance()->hasPendingEvents() returns False.
# But... there is a bug in Qt, hasPendingEvents() returns always true.
cefpython.MessageLoopWork()
def stopTimer(self):
# Stop the timer after Qt message loop ended, calls to MessageLoopWork()
# should not happen anymore.
self.timer.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("[pyqt.py] PyQt version: %s" % QtCore.PYQT_VERSION_STR)
print("[pyqt.py] QtCore version: %s" % QtCore.qVersion())
# Intercept python exceptions. Exit app immediately when exception
# happens on any of the threads.
sys.excepthook = ExceptHook
# Application settings
settings = {
# "cache_path": "webcache/", # Disk cache
"debug": True, # cefpython debug messages in console and in log_file
"log_severity": cefpython.LOGSEVERITY_INFO, # LOGSEVERITY_VERBOSE
"log_file": GetApplicationPath("debug.log"), # Set to "" to disable.
# This directories must be set on Linux
"locales_dir_path": cefpython.GetModuleDirectory()+"/locales",
"resources_dir_path": cefpython.GetModuleDirectory(),
"browser_subprocess_path": "%s/%s" % (
cefpython.GetModuleDirectory(), "subprocess")
}
# Command line switches set programmatically
switches = {
# "proxy-server": "socks5://127.0.0.1:8888",
# "enable-media-stream": "",
# "--invalid-switch": "" -> Invalid switch name
}
cefpython.Initialize(settings, switches)
app = CefApplication(sys.argv)
mainWindow = MainWindow()
mainWindow.show()
app.exec_()
app.stopTimer()
# Need to destroy QApplication(), otherwise Shutdown() fails.
# Unset main window also just to be safe.
del mainWindow
del app
cefpython.Shutdown()
将CEF浏览器放入Qt布局中时，需要在布局设置完成后嵌入浏览器。在 initUi() 之后调用 chrom()。
这是一个将 CEF 浏览器嵌入 Qt 布局的完整示例，在 Windows:
上使用 PySide 进行了测试
https://gist.github.com/mmolero/9d8326367c4657f73a3b6d565206a3e4
此代码仅来自 Github 示例，我想在 class MainFrame 中执行 setLayout(mainlayout) 时添加我自己的 titlebar.But，cefpython 将执行此操作： [CEF Python] RemovePyBrowser：释放共享请求上下文 [CEF Python] del g_pyBrowsers[1] 并且无法显示浏览器内容。 试了很多次都不知道why.Please求助，谢谢！
代码如下：
# An example of embedding CEF browser in a PyQt4 application.
# Tested with PyQt 4.10.3 (Qt 4.8.5).
import os, sys
libcef_dll = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),
'libcef.dll')
if os.path.exists(libcef_dll):
# Import a local module
if (2,7) <= sys.version_info < (2,8):
import cefpython_py27 as cefpython
elif (3,4) <= sys.version_info < (3,4):
import cefpython_py34 as cefpython
else:
raise Exception("Unsupported python version: %s" % sys.version)
else:
# Import an installed package
from cefpython3 import cefpython
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtCore
def GetApplicationPath(file=None):
import re, os, platform
# On Windows after downloading file and calling Browser.GoForward(),
# current working directory is set to %UserProfile%.
# Calling os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# returns for eg. "C:\Users\user\Downloads". A solution
# is to cache path on first call.
if not hasattr(GetApplicationPath, "dir"):
if hasattr(sys, "frozen"):
dir = os.path.dirname(sys.executable)
elif "__file__" in globals():
dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
else:
dir = os.getcwd()
GetApplicationPath.dir = dir
# If file is None return current directory without trailing slash.
if file is None:
file = ""
# Only when relative path.
if not file.startswith("/") and not file.startswith("\") and (
not re.search(r"^[\w-]+:", file)):
path = GetApplicationPath.dir + os.sep + file
if platform.system() == "Windows":
path = re.sub(r"[/\]+", re.escape(os.sep), path)
path = re.sub(r"[/\]+$", "", path)
return path
return str(file)
def ExceptHook(excType, excValue, traceObject):
import traceback, os, time, codecs
# This hook does the following: in case of exception write it to
# the "error.log" file, display it to the console, shutdown CEF
# and exit application immediately by ignoring "finally" (os._exit()).
errorMsg = "\n".join(traceback.format_exception(excType, excValue,
traceObject))
errorFile = GetApplicationPath("error.log")
try:
appEncoding = cefpython.g_applicationSettings["string_encoding"]
except:
appEncoding = "utf-8"
if type(errorMsg) == bytes:
errorMsg = errorMsg.decode(encoding=appEncoding, errors="replace")
try:
with codecs.open(errorFile, mode="a", encoding=appEncoding) as fp:
fp.write("\n[%s] %s\n" % (
time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), errorMsg))
except:
print("[pyqt.py] WARNING: failed writing to error file: %s" % (
errorFile))
# Convert error message to ascii before printing, otherwise
# you may get error like this:
# | UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters
errorMsg = errorMsg.encode("ascii", errors="replace")
errorMsg = errorMsg.decode("ascii", errors="replace")
print("\n"+errorMsg+"\n")
cefpython.QuitMessageLoop()
cefpython.Shutdown()
os._exit(1)
class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
mainFrame = None
def __init__(self):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(None)
#self.createMenu()
self.mainFrame = MainFrame(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.mainFrame)
self.resize(1024, 768)
self.setWindowTitle('PyQT CEF 3 example')
self.setFocusPolicy(QtCore.Qt.StrongFocus)
def createMenu(self):
menubar = self.menuBar()
filemenu = menubar.addMenu("&File")
filemenu.addAction(QtGui.QAction("Open", self))
filemenu.addAction(QtGui.QAction("Exit", self))
aboutmenu = menubar.addMenu("&About")
def focusInEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSetFocus(int(self.centralWidget().winId()), 0, 0, 0)
def closeEvent(self, event):
self.mainFrame.chrom.browser.CloseBrowser()
class MainFrame(QtGui.QWidget):
browser = None
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainFrame, self).__init__(parent)
self.chrom = chrom()
self.initUi()
#windowInfo = cefpython.WindowInfo()
#windowInfo.SetAsChild(int(self.winId()))
#self.browser = cefpython.CreateBrowserSync(windowInfo,
#browserSettings={},
#navigateUrl="http://whosebug.com/")
#self.show()
def initUi(self):
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton()
mainlayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
mainlayout.addWidget(self.button)
mainlayout.addWidget(self.chrom)
self.setLayout(mainlayout)
#def moveEvent(self, event):
#cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
#def resizeEvent(self, event):
#cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
class chrom(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(chrom, self).__init__(parent)
windowInfo = cefpython.WindowInfo()
windowInfo.SetAsChild(int(self.winId()))
self.browser = cefpython.CreateBrowserSync(windowInfo,
browserSettings={},
navigateUrl="https://www.baidu.com")
def moveEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
cefpython.WindowUtils.OnSize(int(self.winId()), 0, 0, 0)
class CefApplication(QtGui.QApplication):
timer = None
def __init__(self, args):
super(CefApplication, self).__init__(args)
self.createTimer()
def createTimer(self):
self.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.onTimer)
self.timer.start(10)
def onTimer(self):
# The proper way of doing message loop should be:
# 1. In createTimer() call self.timer.start(0)
# 2. In onTimer() call MessageLoopWork() only when
# QtGui.QApplication.instance()->hasPendingEvents() returns False.
# But... there is a bug in Qt, hasPendingEvents() returns always true.
cefpython.MessageLoopWork()
def stopTimer(self):
# Stop the timer after Qt message loop ended, calls to MessageLoopWork()
# should not happen anymore.
self.timer.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("[pyqt.py] PyQt version: %s" % QtCore.PYQT_VERSION_STR)
print("[pyqt.py] QtCore version: %s" % QtCore.qVersion())
# Intercept python exceptions. Exit app immediately when exception
# happens on any of the threads.
sys.excepthook = ExceptHook
# Application settings
settings = {
# "cache_path": "webcache/", # Disk cache
"debug": True, # cefpython debug messages in console and in log_file
"log_severity": cefpython.LOGSEVERITY_INFO, # LOGSEVERITY_VERBOSE
"log_file": GetApplicationPath("debug.log"), # Set to "" to disable.
# This directories must be set on Linux
"locales_dir_path": cefpython.GetModuleDirectory()+"/locales",
"resources_dir_path": cefpython.GetModuleDirectory(),
"browser_subprocess_path": "%s/%s" % (
cefpython.GetModuleDirectory(), "subprocess")
}
# Command line switches set programmatically
switches = {
# "proxy-server": "socks5://127.0.0.1:8888",
# "enable-media-stream": "",
# "--invalid-switch": "" -> Invalid switch name
}
cefpython.Initialize(settings, switches)
app = CefApplication(sys.argv)
mainWindow = MainWindow()
mainWindow.show()
app.exec_()
app.stopTimer()
# Need to destroy QApplication(), otherwise Shutdown() fails.
# Unset main window also just to be safe.
del mainWindow
del app
cefpython.Shutdown()
将CEF浏览器放入Qt布局中时，需要在布局设置完成后嵌入浏览器。在 initUi() 之后调用 chrom()。
这是一个将 CEF 浏览器嵌入 Qt 布局的完整示例，在 Windows:
上使用 PySide 进行了测试https://gist.github.com/mmolero/9d8326367c4657f73a3b6d565206a3e4