Pygame 碰撞错误 Python 3

Question

我目前正在尝试使用 Python 3.5.2 创建一个简单的 space 入侵者 Python 游戏。目前一切正常，但每当子弹击中我的外星人的一侧时，程序就会显示错误。这是代码

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

pygame.init()

width, height = 640, 480

keys=[False, False, False, False]
playerpos=[290,400]
alienpos=[]
bulletpos=[]
for i in range(100, 600, 100):
    for j in range(0, 150, 50):
        alienpos.append([i, j])

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
space = pygame.image.load("space.jpg")
alien = pygame.image.load("alien.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("bullet.png")
space = pygame.transform.scale(space,(width,height))

player = pygame.image.load("spacecraft.png")
flag1 = 0
flag2 = 0
switch = True


while 1:
    screen.fill(0)
    screen.blit(space,(0,0))

    for i in alienpos:

        for j in bulletpos:
            if i[1]<=j[1] and i[1]+28 >= j[1] and i[0]<=j[0] and i[0]+28 >= j[0]:
                alienpos.remove(i)

        screen.blit(alien, i)

        if (i[0] + 1) > 600:
            flag1 = 1
        elif (i[0] - 1) < 1:
            flag1 = 0
        if flag1 == 0:
            i[0] += 1
        elif flag1 == 1:
            i[0] -= 1    

    if not len(bulletpos)==0:
        for pos in bulletpos:
            if pos[1] > 0:
                screen.blit(bullet, pos)
                pos[1] -= 1
                pos=([playerpos[0], playerpos[1]])


    screen.blit(player, playerpos)


    pygame.display.flip()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key==K_w:
                keys[0]=True
            elif event.key==K_a:
                keys[1]=True
            elif event.key==K_s:
                keys[2]=True
            elif event.key==K_d:
                keys[3]=True
        if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
            if event.key==pygame.K_w:
                keys[0]=False
            elif event.key==pygame.K_a:
                keys[1]=False
            elif event.key==pygame.K_s:
                keys[2]=False
            elif event.key==pygame.K_d:
                keys[3]=False

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit(0)

    if keys[1]:
        playerpos[0]-=5
    elif keys[3]:
        playerpos[0]+=5
    elif keys[0]:
        bulletpos.append([playerpos[0], playerpos[1]])

当子弹打中外星人的侧面时，程序停止并出现以下错误。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Python35\game.py", line 36, in <module>
    alienpos.remove(i)
ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list

在 Whosebug 上有很多关于此主题的类似问题，但 none 中的建议很有帮助。如果有任何您都需要的更多信息，我很乐意发表评论。提前致谢！

Answer 1

问题是因为您从列表中删除了 alien 但稍后您仍然检查此 alien 与其他 bullets 并且其他 bullet 可能与此 alien 然后您尝试再次删除相同的 alien - 但此 alien 不存在于列表中。

您可以使用 break 离开 for 循环并跳过检查与其他 bullets 的碰撞。

    for j in bulletpos:
        if i[1]<=j[1] and i[1]+28 >= j[1] and i[0]<=j[0] and i[0]+28 >= j[0]:
            alienpos.remove(i)
            break

顺便说一句： 你可以这样组织代码：

我使用 pygame.Rect() (.get_rect()) 来保持物体的位置，然后我可以使用 pygame 函数来检查碰撞。

pygame.Rect()有属性left、right、top、bottom、center等，比较容易位置 - 即 player_rect.right == screen_rect.right，或将中心放在屏幕上 player_rect.center = screen_rect.center

Pygame 具有功能 pygame.key.get_pressed()，您不必创建自己的列表 keys

我只使用事件来发射子弹，因为 pygame.key.get_pressed() 在我按住按钮时发射子弹。但是我只想在按住时开火一次。

import pygame

# --- constants --- (UPPER_CASE names)

WIDTH  = 640
HEIGHT = 480

BLACK = (  0,   0,   0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

# --- main --- (lower_case names)

# - init -

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()

# - objects -

background = pygame.image.load("space.jpg")
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (WIDTH, HEIGHT))

alien = pygame.image.load("alien.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("bullet.png")

aliens = []
bullets = []

for x in range(100, 600, 100):
    for y in range(0, 150, 50):
        aliens.append(alien.get_rect(x=x, y=y))

player = pygame.image.load("spacecraft.png")
player_rect = player.get_rect(x=290, y=400)

# - other -

move_right = True

# - mainloop -

while True:

    # - events -

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            #exit(0)
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key in (pygame.K_SPACE, pygame.K_w):
                # add bullet
                bullets.append(bullet.get_rect(center=player_rect.center))

    # - updates (without draws) -

    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    # move player

    if keys[pygame.K_a] or keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
        player_rect.x -= 5
        if player_rect.left < screen_rect.left:
            player_rect.left = screen_rect.left
    elif keys[pygame.K_d] or keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
        player_rect.x += 5
        if player_rect.right > screen_rect.right:
            player_rect.right = screen_rect.right

    # move bullets

    for b in bullets:
        if b.bottom > screen_rect.top:
             b.y -= 1

    # move aliens

    switch_direction = False

    for a in aliens:
        if move_right:
            a.x += 1
            if a.right >= screen_rect.right:
                switch_direction = True
        else:
            a.x -= 1
            if a.left <= screen_rect.left:
                switch_direction = True

    if switch_direction:
        move_right = not move_right
        for a in aliens:
            a.y += 5

    # check collisions

    temp_aliens = []

    for a in aliens:
        for b in bullets:
            if b.colliderect(a):
                bullets.remove(b)
                break
        else:
            temp_aliens.append(a)

    aliens = temp_aliens

    # - draws (without updates) -

    #screen.fill(BLACK)
    screen.blit(background, (0,0))

    for a in aliens:
        screen.blit(alien, a)

    for b in bullets:
        screen.blit(bullet, b)

    screen.blit(player, player_rect)
    pygame.display.flip()

Pygame 碰撞错误 Python 3

Pygame Collision Error Python 3

python

pygame

collision-detection

python-3.x