How to test Heroku python app locally? ImportError: No module named wsgi
How to test Heroku python app locally? ImportError: No module named wsgi
第一次在这里使用Heroku。我想托管一个 python Flask 应用程序。有点开始了解事情是如何运作的。
我想使用 heroku local 命令在本地测试我的应用程序，但出现此错误：
ImportError: No module named wsgi
这是我的文件：
过程文件：
web: gunicorn choposcope.wsgi --log-file -
myapp.wsgi:
from choposcope import app as application
错误堆栈跟踪：
[2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.6.0
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:5000 (9916)
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Using worker: sync
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9919] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 9919
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9919] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
6:36:34 PM web.1 | Traceback (most recent call last):
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 557, in spawn_worker
6:36:34 PM web.1 | worker.init_process()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 126, in init_process
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.load_wsgi()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 136, in load_wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.callable = self.load()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 65, in load
6:36:34 PM web.1 | return self.load_wsgiapp()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 52, in load_wsgiapp
6:36:34 PM web.1 | return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 357, in import_app
6:36:34 PM web.1 | __import__(module)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | ImportError: No module named wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9919] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 9919)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.
[DONE] Killing all processes with signal null
6:36:34 PM web.1 Exited with exit code 3
另外，我不知道wsgi模块是否应该默认安装在flask中。当我在我的虚拟环境中尝试 运行 pip install mod_wsgi 时，出现此错误：
pip install mod_wsgi
Collecting mod_wsgi
Using cached mod_wsgi-4.5.9.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/setup.py", line 284, in <module>
APR_INCLUDES = get_apr_includes().split()
File "/private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/setup.py", line 245, in get_apr_includes
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 710, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1335, in _execute_child
raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/
您不必下载它，您必须创建它。
文件内容必须是：
from yourapplication import app as application
有关更多信息，请参阅 Flask 文档：http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.11/deploying/mod_wsgi/#creating-a-wsgi-file
在您提供的命令行中，gunicorn 希望您有一个名为：
的文件
choposcope/wsgi.py
您没有显示您的目录和文件的结构，但错误表明这样的文件不存在。
虽然有一种方法可以在 Heroku 上安装 mod_wsgi-express，但我不推荐它，因为该机制未得到积极支持。
如果你打算使用 gunicorn 进行本地开发以匹配 Heroku 上使用的内容，你也不需要在那里安装 mod_wsgi-express，尽管你没有理由不能使用 mod_wsgi-express 用于开发，因为 mod_wsgi-express（非手动 Apache/mod_wsgi 配置）与其他可用选项一样易于本地开发。
不知道您使用的是什么文件系统结构，我猜您需要做的是将文件 myapp.wsgi 重命名为 wsgi.py。然后将 Procfile 更改为：
web: gunicorn wsgi --log-file -
wsgi 参数是 Python 模块名称，因此需要调用文件 wsgi.py。使用 gunicorn 时，它期望 WSGI 应用程序入口点默认为 application。你也可以在没有 wsgi.py 文件的情况下使用：
web: gunicorn choposcope:app --log-file -
至于为什么 pip install mod_wsgi 在您尝试本地安装时失败，这可能是因为在 MacOS X 上并且没有安装 Xcode 开发人员命令行工具。那或者您在 HomeBrew 中安装了损坏或不完整的 Apache httpd。
第一次在这里使用Heroku。我想托管一个 python Flask 应用程序。有点开始了解事情是如何运作的。
我想使用 heroku local 命令在本地测试我的应用程序，但出现此错误：
ImportError: No module named wsgi
这是我的文件：
过程文件：
web: gunicorn choposcope.wsgi --log-file -
myapp.wsgi:
from choposcope import app as application
错误堆栈跟踪：
[2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.6.0
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:5000 (9916)
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Using worker: sync
6:36:21 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:21 +0100] [9919] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 9919
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9919] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
6:36:34 PM web.1 | Traceback (most recent call last):
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 557, in spawn_worker
6:36:34 PM web.1 | worker.init_process()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 126, in init_process
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.load_wsgi()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 136, in load_wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | self.callable = self.load()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 65, in load
6:36:34 PM web.1 | return self.load_wsgiapp()
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 52, in load_wsgiapp
6:36:34 PM web.1 | return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | File "/Users/Yann/Documents/dev/choposcope/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 357, in import_app
6:36:34 PM web.1 | __import__(module)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | ImportError: No module named wsgi
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9919] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 9919)
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
6:36:34 PM web.1 | [2016-12-01 18:36:34 +0100] [9916] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.
[DONE] Killing all processes with signal null
6:36:34 PM web.1 Exited with exit code 3
另外，我不知道wsgi模块是否应该默认安装在flask中。当我在我的虚拟环境中尝试 运行 pip install mod_wsgi 时，出现此错误：
pip install mod_wsgi
Collecting mod_wsgi
Using cached mod_wsgi-4.5.9.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/setup.py", line 284, in <module>
APR_INCLUDES = get_apr_includes().split()
File "/private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/setup.py", line 245, in get_apr_includes
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 710, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1335, in _execute_child
raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/_1/bhy3l2kj5l36_859j956y87m0000gn/T/pip-build-h3zlPa/mod-wsgi/
您不必下载它，您必须创建它。
文件内容必须是：
from yourapplication import app as application
有关更多信息，请参阅 Flask 文档：http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.11/deploying/mod_wsgi/#creating-a-wsgi-file
在您提供的命令行中，gunicorn 希望您有一个名为：
的文件choposcope/wsgi.py
您没有显示您的目录和文件的结构，但错误表明这样的文件不存在。
虽然有一种方法可以在 Heroku 上安装 mod_wsgi-express，但我不推荐它，因为该机制未得到积极支持。
如果你打算使用 gunicorn 进行本地开发以匹配 Heroku 上使用的内容，你也不需要在那里安装 mod_wsgi-express，尽管你没有理由不能使用 mod_wsgi-express 用于开发，因为 mod_wsgi-express（非手动 Apache/mod_wsgi 配置）与其他可用选项一样易于本地开发。
不知道您使用的是什么文件系统结构，我猜您需要做的是将文件 myapp.wsgi 重命名为 wsgi.py。然后将 Procfile 更改为：
web: gunicorn wsgi --log-file -
wsgi 参数是 Python 模块名称，因此需要调用文件 wsgi.py。使用 gunicorn 时，它期望 WSGI 应用程序入口点默认为 application。你也可以在没有 wsgi.py 文件的情况下使用：
web: gunicorn choposcope:app --log-file -
至于为什么 pip install mod_wsgi 在您尝试本地安装时失败，这可能是因为在 MacOS X 上并且没有安装 Xcode 开发人员命令行工具。那或者您在 HomeBrew 中安装了损坏或不完整的 Apache httpd。