Spring 找不到 ApplicationContext 配置 XML

Question

我有一个用 NetBeans 8.1 制作的非常简单的项目（新项目 > Maven > Java 应用程序）：

这里是App.java：

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("why");

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

        MyObject obj = (MyObject) context.getBean("myobj");

        obj.getMessage();
    }

}

这是MyObject.java:

public class MyObject {
    private String message;

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

}

和Beans.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <bean id="myobj" class="asd.spring1.MyObject">
       <property name="message" value="Hello World!"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project 
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>asd</groupId>
    <artifactId>Spring1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

如果我尝试运行我得到的项目 FileNotFoundException:

why
Dec 25, 2016 7:05:13 PM org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@4d405ef7: startup date [Sun Dec 25 19:05:13 EET 2016]; root of context hierarchy
Dec 25, 2016 7:05:13 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [Beans.xml]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [Beans.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [Beans.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:613)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:514)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at asd.spring1.App.main(App.java:11)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [Beans.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:172)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330)
    ... 13 more

如您所见，我已将 Beans.xml 放在各处。您知道我为什么会收到错误消息吗？我该如何解决？

Answer 1

您可以检查编译后的 JAR，它不包含 Beans.xml。请参阅下面的说明。

首先，你不应该把非java的文件放到src/main/java目录下。

其次，您可以查看 Maven 的构建输出（默认调用资源插件）：它默认使用 src/main/resources 目录搜索资源。

因此，您应该将 XML 文件放到 src/main/resources 目录中。

有关详细信息，请参阅 Maven Resources Plugin。

Answer 2

目标文件夹中是否有 Beans.xml，您需要将 xml 文件放在编译的 classes 所在目录中的某个位置。

此外，如果您构建了运行您的带有 ID 的应用程序（因此默认情况下它会在某些文件夹中编译和移动 classes），您也可以尝试将
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:Beans.xml"); 确保检查 class 路径中的所有包以用于您的配置 class.

Spring 找不到 ApplicationContext 配置 XML

Spring configuration XML not found for ApplicationContext

java

xml

spring

maven

applicationcontext