Hibernate 4 with Java 8 and Maven 3: Turn off/redirect logging (for beginners)

Question

我正在尝试提升 Hibernate 4，但没有任何先前版本的 Hibernate（或其他 ORM，就此而言）的经验。这非常令人沮丧。我还没有找到明确列出和解释教程项目工作所需的每个步骤的教程或书籍。我也是 Maven 的新手，这无济于事。

我通过尝试各种教程的点点滴滴设法让一个非常简单的项目运行起来。到目前为止，我要做的就是打印出从 table 加载的对象，其中 POJO 使用注释绑定到 table。

我的代码可以运行，但控制台被大量日志消息弄得乱七八糟。我想关闭此日志（至少在我需要调试问题之前）或将此输出重定向到文件。

目前，我已经尝试了几种方法来关闭我在 Whosebug 和其他网站上找到的日志记录。没有任何效果（"fixes" 之一导致 Maven 错误）。 POM、程序化和 Log4j.properties 修复没有减少日志的大小。

这是我的 pom.xml 文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.sadakatsu</groupId>
    <artifactId>all</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>all</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.spring.platform</groupId>
                <artifactId>platform-bom</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.1.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.0.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1.Final</version>
            <classifier>tests</classifier>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
            <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.GA</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <!-- <version>2.3</version> -->
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <artifactItems>
                                <artifactItem>
                                    <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>jetty-runner</artifactId>
                                    <version>7.5.4.v20111024</version>
                                    <destFileName>jetty-runner.jar</destFileName>
                                </artifactItem>
                            </artifactItems>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

这是我的 hibernate.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM 
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">
            org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
        </property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
            com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        </property>

        <!-- Assume test is the database name -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
            jdbc:mysql://localhost/tickettoride
        </property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">
            root
        </property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">
            <!-- redacted -->
        </property>

        <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
        <mapping class="com.sadakatsu.tickettoride.orm.City" />
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

这是我的 log4j.properties 文件：

log4j.logger.org.hibernate=ERROR

这是我的代码的核心：

package com.sadakatsu.main;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

import com.sadakatsu.tickettoride.orm.City;

public class HibernateDemo {
    private SessionFactory factory;
    private ServiceRegistry registry;

    private HibernateDemo() {
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.configure();
        registry = (
            new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(
                configuration.getProperties()
            ).buildServiceRegistry()
        );
        factory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(registry);
    }

    public SessionFactory getFactory() {
        return factory;
    }

    public void shutdown() {
        factory.close();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HibernateDemo hd = new HibernateDemo();

        Session session = hd.getFactory().openSession();

        Query q = session.createQuery("from City");

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<City> cities = (List<City>) q.list();

        System.out.println("Cities:");
        for (City city : cities) {
            System.out.format("  - %s\n", city);
        }
    }
}

这是我的预期输出：

Cities:
  - Atlanta
  - Boston
  - Calgary
  - Charleston
  - Chicago
  - Dallas
  - Denver
  - Duluth
  - El Paso
  - Helena
  - Houston
  - Kansas City
  - Las Vegas
  - Little Rock
  - Los Angeles
  - Miami
  - Montréal
  - Nashville
  - New Orleans
  - New York
  - Oklahoma City
  - Omaha
  - Phoenix
  - Pittsburgh
  - Portland
  - Raleigh
  - Saint Louis
  - Salt Lake City
  - San Francisco
  - Santa Fe
  - Sault St. Marie
  - Seattle
  - Toronto
  - Vancouver
  - Washington
  - Winnipeg

这是我得到的：

22:52:26.254 [main] DEBUG org.jboss.logging - Logging Provider: org.jboss.logging.Slf4jLoggerProvider
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration boolean -> org.hibernate.type.BooleanType@ba4d54
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration boolean -> org.hibernate.type.BooleanType@ba4d54
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration java.lang.Boolean -> org.hibernate.type.BooleanType@ba4d54
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration numeric_boolean -> org.hibernate.type.NumericBooleanType@6f79caec
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration true_false -> org.hibernate.type.TrueFalseType@5c0369c4
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration yes_no -> org.hibernate.type.YesNoType@17ed40e0
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration byte -> org.hibernate.type.ByteType@3930015a
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration byte -> org.hibernate.type.ByteType@3930015a
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration java.lang.Byte -> org.hibernate.type.ByteType@3930015a
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration character -> org.hibernate.type.CharacterType@224aed64
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration char -> org.hibernate.type.CharacterType@224aed64
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration java.lang.Character -> org.hibernate.type.CharacterType@224aed64
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration short -> org.hibernate.type.ShortType@75412c2f
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration short -> org.hibernate.type.ShortType@75412c2f
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration java.lang.Short -> org.hibernate.type.ShortType@75412c2f
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration integer -> org.hibernate.type.IntegerType@483bf400
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration int -> org.hibernate.type.IntegerType@483bf400
22:52:26.270 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration java.lang.Integer -> org.hibernate.type.IntegerType@483bf400
22:52:26.285 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry - Adding type registration long -> org.hibernate.type.LongType@2cfb4a64
<!-- several hundred more lines deleted for space -->
Cities:
  - Atlanta
  - Boston
  - Calgary
  - Charleston
  - Chicago
  - Dallas
  - Denver
  - Duluth
  - El Paso
  - Helena
  - Houston
  - Kansas City
  - Las Vegas
  - Little Rock
  - Los Angeles
  - Miami
  - Montréal
  - Nashville
  - New Orleans
  - New York
  - Oklahoma City
  - Omaha
  - Phoenix
  - Pittsburgh
  - Portland
  - Raleigh
  - Saint Louis
  - Salt Lake City
  - San Francisco
  - Santa Fe
  - Sault St. Marie
  - Seattle
  - Toronto
  - Vancouver
  - Washington
  - Winnipeg

有人可以向这个绝对初学者解释我如何完全关闭日志记录或将输出重定向到文件吗？任何一种方法都会让我前进。

如有必要，可以在 whole project in question.

找到我整个项目的干净版本

Answer 1

1. 在文本编辑器中打开文件夹 src/main/resources 中名为 log4j.properties 的文件。
2. 向该文件添加 log4j.logger.org.hibernate=ERROR 并保存文件。

这将关闭 Hibernate 类 打印出的所有调试日志。如果在任何时候您需要有关 Hibernate 的详细信息，请将行更改为 log4j.logger.org.hibernate=DEBUG.

否则，post更多信息，比如你的log4j.properties。

编辑：根据您 post 编辑的源代码，我可以看出您的应用程序正在使用 Logback 作为主要日志记录框架。由于对 spring-boot-starter-web 的依赖，正在导入 Logback。 Logback 是原始 Log4J 框架的继承者和 SLF4J API 的实现，它提供了将所有日志消息从 Log4J API 路由到 SLF4J API 的桥梁。这就是您的 Log4J 配置被忽略的原因。

您需要在 src/main/resources 下创建一个名为 logback.xml 的文件，并向其中添加以下内容：

<configuration>
  <logger name="org.hibernate" level="ERROR"/>
</configuration>