如何在 java 中构建 RESTful 请求

How to build RESTful request over in java

我试图了解如何向服务器发送 REST 请求。如果我必须使用 httpconnections 或任何其他连接在 java 中将其作为请求来实现,我该怎么做?

    POST /resource/1
    Host: myownHost
    DATE: date
    Content-Type: some standard type 

这应该如何以标准方式构建?

    URL url= new URL("http://myownHost/resource/1");
    HttpsURLConnection connect= (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    connect.setRequestMethod("POST");
    connect.setRequestProperty("Host", "myOwnHost");
    connect.setRequestProperty("Date","03:14:15 03:14:15 GMT");
    connect.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

你应该在这里使用 json

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class NetClientPost {

// http://localhost:8080/RESTfulExample/json/product/post
public static void main(String[] args) {

  try {

    URL url = new URL("http://myownHost/resource/1");
    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    conn.setDoOutput(true);
    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

    String input = "{\"DATE\":\"03:14:15 03:14:15 GMT\",\"host\":\"myownhost\"}";

    OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
    os.write(input.getBytes());
    os.flush();

    if (conn.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_CREATED) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Failed : HTTP error code : "
            + conn.getResponseCode());
    }

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
            (conn.getInputStream())));

    String output;
    System.out.println("Output from Server .... \n");
    while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
        System.out.println(output);
    }

    conn.disconnect();

  } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();

   } catch (IOException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();

  }

 }

}

浏览更多link

有很多选择,Apache HTTP 客户端 (http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.4.x/index.html) 就是其中之一(并且使事情变得非常简单)

创建 REST 请求可以如此简单(在本例中使用 JSON):

    DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
    HttpGet getRequest = new HttpGet(
        "http://localhost:8080/RESTfulExample/json/product/get");
    getRequest.addHeader("accept", "application/json");

    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(getRequest);

    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Failed : HTTP error code : "
           + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
    }

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
                     new   InputStreamReader((response.getEntity().getContent())));

更新:抱歉,文档的 link 是 updated.Posted 新文档。

有多种方法可以使用 Java 调用 RESTful 服务,但不需要使用原始级别的 API ;-)

它存在一些 RESTful 框架,例如 Restlet 或 JAX-RS。它们针对客户端和服务器端,旨在隐藏此类调用的技术管道。下面是一段代码示例,描述了如何使用 Restlet 和 JSON 解析器进行处理:

JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject();
jsonObj.put("host", "...");
ClientResource cr = new Client("http://myownHost/resource/1");
cr.post(new JsonRepresentation(jsonObject);

// In the case of form
// Form form = new Form ();
// form.set("host", "...");
// cr.post(form);

您可以注意到,在前面的代码片段中,headers Content-typeDate 是根据您发送的内容自动设置的(表单,JSON,. ..)

否则,要添加一个元素,您应该在元素列表资源 (http://myownHost/resources/) 上使用方法 POST,或者如果您有唯一标识符,则使用方法 PUT你想用来识别它 (http://myownHost/resources/1)。 link 可能对您有用:https://templth.wordpress.com/2014/12/15/designing-a-web-api/.

希望对你有帮助, 蒂埃里