不理解查询行为

Question

我在报表生成器中有一个奇怪的行为。在尝试使用报表生成器之前，我正在使用现有数据集并在 SQL studio 中测试我自己的代码。我迷路了，因为我不明白为什么以下内容不起作用：

    SELECT
        v_Collection_Alias.Name as CollectionName,  
        v_Package_Alias.Name as SoftwareName, 
        'Package' as ApplicationType,
        NumberSuccessTable='NumberSuccessTable', sum(case when stat.LastState in (-1,13) then 1 else 0 end) as NumberSuccess,
        NumberInProgressTable='NumberInProgress', sum(case when stat.LastState in (8,9) then 1 else 0 end) as NumberInProgress,
        NumberUnknownTable='NumberUnknown', sum(case when stat.LastState in (0) then 1 else 0 end) as Unknown,
        NumberErrorTable='NumberError', sum(case when stat.LastState in (11) then 1 else 0 end) as NumberError,
        NumberOtherTable='NumberOther', sum(case when stat.LastState in (10) then 1 else 0 end) as NumberOther,
        '' as LastModifiedby,
        '' as Version,
        v_Advertisement_Alias.CollectionID as CollectionID,
        v_Advertisement_Alias.AdvertisementID as DeploymentID,
        '' as CI_ID,
        '' as DeploymentTime,
        v_Advertisement_Alias.PresentTime as ModificationTime,
        '' as AssignmentID

FROM fn_rbac_Advertisement(@UserSIDs) v_Advertisement_Alias  
JOIN fn_rbac_ClientAdvertisementStatus(@UserSIDs)  stat on v_Advertisement_Alias.AdvertisementID = stat.AdvertisementID
INNER JOIN fn_rbac_Package2(@UserSIDs) v_Package_Alias ON v_Advertisement_Alias.PackageID = v_Package_Alias.PackageID 
INNER JOIN fn_rbac_Collection(@UserSIDs) v_Collection_Alias ON v_Advertisement_Alias.CollectionID = v_Collection_Alias.CollectionID

报表生成器中的这个提示我一个错误，因为 fn_rbac_Advertisement.Name 需要一个 group by 子句。而以下内容在原始报告中正常工作：

    SELECT
    v_Collection_Alias.Name as CollectionName,  
    v_Package_Alias.Name as SoftwareName, 
    '' as ApplicationType,
    '' as NumberSuccess,
    '' as NumberInProgress,
    '' as NumberUnknown,
        '' as NumberErrors,
        '' as NumberOther,
    '' as LastModifiedby,
    '' as Version,
    v_Advertisement_Alias.CollectionID as CollectionID,
    v_Advertisement_Alias.AdvertisementID as DeploymentID,
    '' as CI_ID,
    '' as DeploymentTime,
    v_Advertisement_Alias.PresentTime as ModificationTime,
    '' as AssignmentID,
    '' as ApplicationType 


FROM fn_rbac_Advertisement(@UserSIDs) v_Advertisement_Alias  
INNER JOIN fn_rbac_Package2(@UserSIDs) v_Package_Alias ON v_Advertisement_Alias.PackageID = v_Package_Alias.PackageID 
INNER JOIN fn_rbac_Collection(@UserSIDs) v_Collection_Alias ON v_Advertisement_Alias.CollectionID = v_Collection_Alias.CollectionID

以及以下 returns 我在 SQL Studio 中想要的东西：

Select 
NumberSuccessTable='NumberSuccessTable', sum(case when stat.LastState in (-1,13) then 1 else 0 end),
NumberInProgressTable='NumberInProgress',  sum(case when stat.LastState in (8,9) then 1 else 0 end),
NumberUnknownTable='NumberUnknown',  sum(case when stat.LastState in (0) then 1 else 0 end) AS NumberU,
NumberErrorTable='NumberError',  sum(case when stat.LastState in (11) then 1 else 0 end) AS NumberError,
NumberOtherTable='NumberOther', sum(case when stat.LastState in (10) then 1 else 0 end) as NumberOther
From  v_ClientAdvertisementStatus stat

感谢大家的帮助！ :)

Answer 1

使用聚合函数（例如 SUM）时，必须将 GROUP BY 子句应用于所有未聚合的列，例如：

GROUP BY v_Collection_Alias.Name,  
    v_Package_Alias.Name, 
    v_Advertisement_Alias.CollectionID as CollectionID,
    v_Advertisement_Alias.AdvertisementID as DeploymentID,
    v_Advertisement_Alias.PresentTime as ModificationTime

或者，如果您不想维护冗长的 GROUP BY 子句，您可以从 SELECT 语句中删除 SUM 函数，让报表处理聚合，并在 Report Builder 中进行适当的分组。

Answer 2

第一个查询：

当您使用像 SUM 这样的聚合函数时，您需要对所有没有聚合函数的列执行 GROUP BY。

第二个查询：

这是可行的，因为您的 select 中没有聚合函数，因此您不必使用 GROUP BY，报表生成器可以为您处理总和和分组依据。

第三个查询：

此查询有效，因为您对所有列都有聚合函数，因此您不需要 GROUP BY。

永远记住逻辑查询处理顺序如下：

1.FROM 2.WHERE 3.GROUP 通过 4.HAVING 5.SELECT 6.ORDER通过

因此，您的 GROUP BY 发生在 SELECT 之前，因此当您分组时，您不能在分组依据子句中包含 ''，因为该列尚不存在。所以它给你一个错误。

不理解查询行为

Don't understand query behaviour

sql

sccm

reporting-services

reportbuilder3.0