PIL 去除不同的像素
PIL remove different pixels
我正在开发一个图像处理程序，它（有点）创建一个 popart 图像。问题是，我得到了一些 "intruder" 像素，其中蓝色区域到处都有一些绿色像素。我想让那些像素消失，但我似乎找不到办法。如果您还有其他制作 popart 图像的方法，请随时提出。这是我的脚本：
from tkinter import*
import tkinter as Tkinter
from tkinter import filedialog, DISABLED
import os
import ntpath
from PIL import Image
def EchelleDeGris():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
px1[x,y]=(o,o,o)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def SupprimerImage():
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def Luminosite():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
px1[x,y]=(p[0]+S1.get(),p[1]+S1.get(),p[2]+S1.get())
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def AnnulerModifications():
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def PopArt():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
if type(p)==int:
p=(p,p,p)
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
if o<85:
px1[x,y]=(0,0,255)
elif 85<o<170:
px1[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif o>170:
px1[x,y]=(255,0,0)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
main=Tk()
main.withdraw()
currdir = os.getcwd()
a = filedialog.askopenfilename()
main.deiconify()
main.configure(background="#a1dbcd")
main.title("Photoshop Version.Megzari")
Ima1=Image.open(a)
z=Ima1.size
nux=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
nuxy=nux.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
nuxy[x,y]=(255,255,255)
nux.save("Blank.png")
if z>(400,400):
im2 = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file="ImageBlank.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=1, rowspan =6)
T1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
T1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
B1 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Echelle de gris", command = EchelleDeGris, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Luminosité", command = Luminosite, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=2, column=2)
S1 = Scale(main, from_=0, to=254, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED, length = 200)
S1.grid(row=1, column=2)
B2 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Supprimer Image", command = SupprimerImage, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=4, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Annuler Modifications", command = AnnulerModifications, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=3, column=2)
B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Pop Art", command = PopArt, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=5, column=2)
elif z<(400,400):
im1 = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file=a)
I1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1)
I1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=1, rowspan =6)
imt = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Blank.png")
T1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt)
T1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
B1 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Echelle de gris", command = EchelleDeGris, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=NORMAL)
B1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Luminosité", command = Luminosite, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=2, column=2)
S1 = Scale(main, from_=0, to=254, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", length = 200)
S1.grid(row=1, column=2)
B2 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Supprimer Image", command = SupprimerImage, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=4, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Annuler Modifications", command = AnnulerModifications, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=3, column=2)
B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Pop Art", command = PopArt, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=5, column=2)
s=S1.get()
main.mainloop()
为了提供帮助，这里是制作 popart 图像的程序部分：
def PopArt():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
if type(p)==int:
p=(p,p,p)
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
if o<85:
px1[x,y]=(0,0,255)
elif 85<o<170:
px1[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif o>170:
px1[x,y]=(255,0,0)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
下面是图像及其结果：
如有任何需要，请随时联系我
编辑：这是我在评论中提到的代码片段，您只需在 Popart 函数的末尾捕捉它即可：
n=0
j=0
q=0
for x in range(1,z[0]):
for y in range(1,z[1]):
for t in range(-1,1): #These two loops change the pixel "coordinates"
for w in range(-1,1):
v=px1[x+t,y+w]
if v[0]==255:
n=n+1
elif v[1]==255: #These are the counters
j=j+1
elif v[2]==255:
q=q+1
Max=n #And this checks the dominant color
if j>Max:
Max=j
elif q>Max:
Max=q
elif j>q:
Max=j
if n==Max:
px2[x,y]=(255,0,0) #And here I assign the color depending on the surrounding colors
elif j==Max:
px2[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif q==Max:
px2[x,y]=(0,0,255)
n=0
j=0
q=0
Ima3.save("ImageMod.png")
这就是我得到的：
我知道我在开始使用简单名称变量 z 时犯了一个错误，我应该使用像 Original_Image 这样的东西。程序变量太多，现在不能全部改，但以后的项目我不会再犯这个错误了。
起初，我认为您的程序中的命名没有帮助。它不仅是
关于法语函数名，它主要是关于像 "z".
这样的短变量名
但如果我是对的，我看你知道如何为 two-dimensional 矩阵中的每个像素读取和写入 RGB 代码。所以你只需要为你的每个像素分析八个邻居 - 如果一个像素有超过一半的不同颜色的邻居 - 根据最流行的邻居颜色为它着色。重复直到所有像素都具有相同颜色的最流行的邻居。
当然，这只是一个简单的逻辑，可能会有所改进，但我希望，我已经展示了这个想法。
更新：
我写了一些代码来实现我的想法。运行很慢，但结果似乎是正确的。
from PIL import Image
from collections import Counter
def get_pixel(pixels, x, y):
try:
return pixels[x, y]
except IndexError:
return None
def get_neighbors(pixels, x, ):
neighbors = list()
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y + 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y + 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y + 1))
return neighbors
def filter_art(pixels, size):
indexes = dict()
for x in range(size[0]):
for y in range(size[1]):
color = get_pixel(pixels, x, y)
neighbors = get_neighbors(pixels, x, y)
new_color = Counter(neighbors).most_common()[0][0]
if new_color is not None:
indexes[x, y] = new_color
for x, y in indexes:
pixels[x, y] = indexes[x, y]
def pop_art(path_orig, path_mod, coef): # coef is integer value, meant how deep filtering would be (for example, coef=4)
image_orig = Image.open(path_orig)
size = image_orig.size
image_mod = Image.new("RGB",(size[0],size[1]))
pixels_orig = image_orig.load()
pixels_mod = image_mod.load()
for x in range(size[0]):
for y in range(size[1]):
p = pixels_orig[x, y]
if isinstance(p, int): # this should be done using PIL palletes and converting to exact pallete at first,
# but now I omit this for my quick test
rgb = (p,p,p)
elif isinstance(p, tuple) and len(p) in (3, 4):
rgb = p[:3]
else:
raise TypeError('Unknown pallete')
average_color = sum(rgb) / 3
if average_color <= 85:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (255, 0, 0) # you also need care about guarantee correct PIL pallete format here (omitted)
elif 85 < average_color <= 170:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (0, 255, 0)
elif pixels_mod[x, y] > 170:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (0, 0, 255)
for _ in range(coef):
filter_art(pixels_mod, size)
image_mod.save(path_mod)
if __name__ == '__main__':
pop_art('obama.png', 'result.png', coef=4)
我正在开发一个图像处理程序，它（有点）创建一个 popart 图像。问题是，我得到了一些 "intruder" 像素，其中蓝色区域到处都有一些绿色像素。我想让那些像素消失，但我似乎找不到办法。如果您还有其他制作 popart 图像的方法，请随时提出。这是我的脚本：
from tkinter import*
import tkinter as Tkinter
from tkinter import filedialog, DISABLED
import os
import ntpath
from PIL import Image
def EchelleDeGris():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
px1[x,y]=(o,o,o)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def SupprimerImage():
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def Luminosite():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
px1[x,y]=(p[0]+S1.get(),p[1]+S1.get(),p[2]+S1.get())
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def AnnulerModifications():
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
def PopArt():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
if type(p)==int:
p=(p,p,p)
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
if o<85:
px1[x,y]=(0,0,255)
elif 85<o<170:
px1[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif o>170:
px1[x,y]=(255,0,0)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
main=Tk()
main.withdraw()
currdir = os.getcwd()
a = filedialog.askopenfilename()
main.deiconify()
main.configure(background="#a1dbcd")
main.title("Photoshop Version.Megzari")
Ima1=Image.open(a)
z=Ima1.size
nux=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
nuxy=nux.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
nuxy[x,y]=(255,255,255)
nux.save("Blank.png")
if z>(400,400):
im2 = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file="ImageBlank.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=1, rowspan =6)
T1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
T1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
B1 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Echelle de gris", command = EchelleDeGris, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Luminosité", command = Luminosite, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=2, column=2)
S1 = Scale(main, from_=0, to=254, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED, length = 200)
S1.grid(row=1, column=2)
B2 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Supprimer Image", command = SupprimerImage, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=4, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Annuler Modifications", command = AnnulerModifications, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=3, column=2)
B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Pop Art", command = PopArt, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=DISABLED)
B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=5, column=2)
elif z<(400,400):
im1 = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file=a)
I1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1)
I1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=1, rowspan =6)
imt = Tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Blank.png")
T1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt)
T1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
B1 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Echelle de gris", command = EchelleDeGris, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=NORMAL)
B1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=0, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Luminosité", command = Luminosite, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=2, column=2)
S1 = Scale(main, from_=0, to=254, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", length = 200)
S1.grid(row=1, column=2)
B2 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Supprimer Image", command = SupprimerImage, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=4, column=2)
B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Annuler Modifications", command = AnnulerModifications, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=3, column=2)
B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Pop Art", command = PopArt, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39")
B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=5, column=2)
s=S1.get()
main.mainloop()
为了提供帮助，这里是制作 popart 图像的程序部分：
def PopArt():
Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1]))
px=Ima1.load()
px1=Ima2.load()
for x in range(z[0]):
for y in range(z[1]):
p=px[x,y]
if type(p)==int:
p=(p,p,p)
o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3)
if o<85:
px1[x,y]=(0,0,255)
elif 85<o<170:
px1[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif o>170:
px1[x,y]=(255,0,0)
Ima2.save("ImageMod.png")
im2 = PhotoImage(file="ImageMod.png")
main.image = im2
I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2)
I2.grid(row=0, column=3, rowspan =6)
下面是图像及其结果：
如有任何需要，请随时联系我
编辑：这是我在评论中提到的代码片段，您只需在 Popart 函数的末尾捕捉它即可：
n=0
j=0
q=0
for x in range(1,z[0]):
for y in range(1,z[1]):
for t in range(-1,1): #These two loops change the pixel "coordinates"
for w in range(-1,1):
v=px1[x+t,y+w]
if v[0]==255:
n=n+1
elif v[1]==255: #These are the counters
j=j+1
elif v[2]==255:
q=q+1
Max=n #And this checks the dominant color
if j>Max:
Max=j
elif q>Max:
Max=q
elif j>q:
Max=j
if n==Max:
px2[x,y]=(255,0,0) #And here I assign the color depending on the surrounding colors
elif j==Max:
px2[x,y]=(0,255,0)
elif q==Max:
px2[x,y]=(0,0,255)
n=0
j=0
q=0
Ima3.save("ImageMod.png")
这就是我得到的：
我知道我在开始使用简单名称变量 z 时犯了一个错误，我应该使用像 Original_Image 这样的东西。程序变量太多，现在不能全部改，但以后的项目我不会再犯这个错误了。
起初，我认为您的程序中的命名没有帮助。它不仅是 关于法语函数名，它主要是关于像 "z".
这样的短变量名但如果我是对的，我看你知道如何为 two-dimensional 矩阵中的每个像素读取和写入 RGB 代码。所以你只需要为你的每个像素分析八个邻居 - 如果一个像素有超过一半的不同颜色的邻居 - 根据最流行的邻居颜色为它着色。重复直到所有像素都具有相同颜色的最流行的邻居。
当然，这只是一个简单的逻辑，可能会有所改进，但我希望，我已经展示了这个想法。
更新：
我写了一些代码来实现我的想法。运行很慢，但结果似乎是正确的。
from PIL import Image
from collections import Counter
def get_pixel(pixels, x, y):
try:
return pixels[x, y]
except IndexError:
return None
def get_neighbors(pixels, x, ):
neighbors = list()
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y + 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y + 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y - 1))
neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y + 1))
return neighbors
def filter_art(pixels, size):
indexes = dict()
for x in range(size[0]):
for y in range(size[1]):
color = get_pixel(pixels, x, y)
neighbors = get_neighbors(pixels, x, y)
new_color = Counter(neighbors).most_common()[0][0]
if new_color is not None:
indexes[x, y] = new_color
for x, y in indexes:
pixels[x, y] = indexes[x, y]
def pop_art(path_orig, path_mod, coef): # coef is integer value, meant how deep filtering would be (for example, coef=4)
image_orig = Image.open(path_orig)
size = image_orig.size
image_mod = Image.new("RGB",(size[0],size[1]))
pixels_orig = image_orig.load()
pixels_mod = image_mod.load()
for x in range(size[0]):
for y in range(size[1]):
p = pixels_orig[x, y]
if isinstance(p, int): # this should be done using PIL palletes and converting to exact pallete at first,
# but now I omit this for my quick test
rgb = (p,p,p)
elif isinstance(p, tuple) and len(p) in (3, 4):
rgb = p[:3]
else:
raise TypeError('Unknown pallete')
average_color = sum(rgb) / 3
if average_color <= 85:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (255, 0, 0) # you also need care about guarantee correct PIL pallete format here (omitted)
elif 85 < average_color <= 170:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (0, 255, 0)
elif pixels_mod[x, y] > 170:
pixels_mod[x, y] = (0, 0, 255)
for _ in range(coef):
filter_art(pixels_mod, size)
image_mod.save(path_mod)
if __name__ == '__main__':
pop_art('obama.png', 'result.png', coef=4)