无法将关键字 'username' 解析为字段。选项有：城市、id、phone 等
Cannot resolve keyword 'username' into field. Choices are: city, id, phone, etc
我想就这些问题寻求帮助。我确实知道它看起来与关于同一问题的其他问题相似，但我确实环顾四周，没有什么可以真正解决我的问题。顺便说一句，这是我第二次在这里提问，如果这条消息太长请告诉我。谢谢！
我在 Django 1.8 和 Python 3.5
中使用 AllAuth
我想根据 AllAuth 提供的用户名实现一个简单的个人资料页面。问题是，我没有在我的模型中指定用户名或电子邮件字段，我只是扩展它以添加一些我想要的信息，但似乎 Django 只识别我扩展的字段并且我无法找到从 AllAuth 获取该信息的正确方法。
这是我的代码（一些自定义字段是葡萄牙语，但所有核心内容都是英语）：
profiles/models.py
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.utils.encoding import smart_text
UF_CHOICES = (
('SP', 'SP'),
('RJ', 'RJ')
)
class Profile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
uf = models.CharField(
max_length = 2,
blank=False,
default = 'SP',
choices = UF_CHOICES,
verbose_name = 'UF',
)
cidade = models.CharField(max_length=120, null=True, blank=True, default="Rio de Janeiro")
telefone = models.CharField(max_length = 20, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name = 'Telefone para Contato')
def __str__(self):
return smart_text(self.user)
def post_save_user_model_receiver(sender, instance, created, *args, **kwargs):
if created:
try:
Profile.objects.create(user=instance)
except:
pass
post_save.connect(post_save_user_model_receiver, sender=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
profiles/forms.py
from django import forms
from .models import Profile
class ProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Profile
fields = [
"uf",
"cidade",
"telefone",
]
def profile(self, request, user):
user.uf = self.cleaned_data['uf']
user.cidade = self.cleaned_data['cidade']
user.telefone = self.cleaned_data['telefone']
user.save()
profiles/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from .models import Profile
admin.site.register(Profile)
profiles/views.py
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Profile
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
context = {
"object": obj,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
profiles/adapter.py [注意这里显示了用户名] 就像文档指定的那样：http://django-allauth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced.html
from django.conf import settings
from allauth.account.adapter import DefaultAccountAdapter
class MyAccountAdapter(DefaultAccountAdapter):
def get_login_redirect_url(self, request):
path = "/profiles/{username}/"
return path.format(username=request.user.username)
profiles/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import profile_detail
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^(?P<username>[\w.@+-]+)/$', profile_detail, name='profile_detail'),
]
最后报错信息：
Environment:
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://localhost:8000/profiles/Sofia/
Django Version: 1.8.17
Python Version: 3.5.2
Installed Applications:
('django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'allauth',
'allauth.account',
'allauth.socialaccount',
'allauth.socialaccount.providers.facebook',
'crispy_forms',
'newsletter',
'profiles',
'properties')
Installed Middleware:
('django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware')
Traceback:
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
132. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
22. return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/src/profiles/views.py" in profile_detail
9. obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/shortcuts.py" in get_object_or_404
155. return queryset.get(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in get
325. clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in filter
679. return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in _filter_or_exclude
697. clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in add_q
1310. clause, require_inner = self._add_q(where_part, self.used_aliases)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in _add_q
1338. allow_joins=allow_joins, split_subq=split_subq,
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in build_filter
1150. lookups, parts, reffed_expression = self.solve_lookup_type(arg)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in solve_lookup_type
1036. _, field, _, lookup_parts = self.names_to_path(lookup_splitted, self.get_meta())
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in names_to_path
1397. "Choices are: %s" % (name, ", ".join(available)))
Exception Type: FieldError at /profiles/Sofia/
Exception Value: Cannot resolve keyword 'username' into field. Choices are: cidade, id, telefone, uf, user, user_id
好的，我发现了问题。花了我很长时间，因为我没有以正确的方式看待它。
问题不在于代码本身，而在于哪个模型实际存储了我需要的信息。在这种情况下，我想从数据库中获取用户和配置文件信息，但没有意识到它们是两个独立的模块。我试图从用户存储的配置文件信息中获取。
原文是：
profiles.views.py（又旧又错）
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Profile
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
context = {
"object": obj,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
profiles.views.py（新的和有效的）——注意导入如何从配置文件更改为用户以及我如何从 obj.profile 创建新用户对象
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(User, username=username)
user = obj.profile
context = {
"object": obj,
"user": user,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
非常感谢大家的帮助！
我扩展了 AbtractUser class 并将 USERNAME_FIELD 设置为电子邮件；
我还将用户名字段设置为 None。
尝试使用错误的凭据以管理员身份登录会引发相同的错误。这是我的 CustomUser 模型。
class CustomUser(AbstractUser):
username = None
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
objects = CustomUserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
我只需要使用正确的电子邮件和密码即可成功登录。您可以通过命令创建超级用户；
(venv)xyz_api$ python manage.py createsuperuser
最后提到的解决方法不一定要正确输入'email'或'username'和密码。
Django 应该安全地处理该异常。
解决方案在settings.py文件中'AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS'
部分
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = [
"django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend",
# "allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend",
]
ModelBackend 可以正确处理这些对其他身份验证方法进行评论的异常。更多信息：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/auth/customizing/#specifying-authentication-backends
实际上当您使用
时会发生此错误
bed = beding.objects.filter(id=request.POST['bed_id'])
并按照这种形式获取
userid = bed.value('userid')
代替
beding.objects.get(id=request.POST['bed_id'])
我想就这些问题寻求帮助。我确实知道它看起来与关于同一问题的其他问题相似，但我确实环顾四周，没有什么可以真正解决我的问题。顺便说一句，这是我第二次在这里提问，如果这条消息太长请告诉我。谢谢！
我在 Django 1.8 和 Python 3.5
中使用 AllAuth我想根据 AllAuth 提供的用户名实现一个简单的个人资料页面。问题是，我没有在我的模型中指定用户名或电子邮件字段，我只是扩展它以添加一些我想要的信息，但似乎 Django 只识别我扩展的字段并且我无法找到从 AllAuth 获取该信息的正确方法。
这是我的代码（一些自定义字段是葡萄牙语，但所有核心内容都是英语）：
profiles/models.py
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.utils.encoding import smart_text
UF_CHOICES = (
('SP', 'SP'),
('RJ', 'RJ')
)
class Profile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
uf = models.CharField(
max_length = 2,
blank=False,
default = 'SP',
choices = UF_CHOICES,
verbose_name = 'UF',
)
cidade = models.CharField(max_length=120, null=True, blank=True, default="Rio de Janeiro")
telefone = models.CharField(max_length = 20, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name = 'Telefone para Contato')
def __str__(self):
return smart_text(self.user)
def post_save_user_model_receiver(sender, instance, created, *args, **kwargs):
if created:
try:
Profile.objects.create(user=instance)
except:
pass
post_save.connect(post_save_user_model_receiver, sender=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
profiles/forms.py
from django import forms
from .models import Profile
class ProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Profile
fields = [
"uf",
"cidade",
"telefone",
]
def profile(self, request, user):
user.uf = self.cleaned_data['uf']
user.cidade = self.cleaned_data['cidade']
user.telefone = self.cleaned_data['telefone']
user.save()
profiles/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from .models import Profile
admin.site.register(Profile)
profiles/views.py
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Profile
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
context = {
"object": obj,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
profiles/adapter.py [注意这里显示了用户名] 就像文档指定的那样：http://django-allauth.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced.html
from django.conf import settings
from allauth.account.adapter import DefaultAccountAdapter
class MyAccountAdapter(DefaultAccountAdapter):
def get_login_redirect_url(self, request):
path = "/profiles/{username}/"
return path.format(username=request.user.username)
profiles/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import profile_detail
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^(?P<username>[\w.@+-]+)/$', profile_detail, name='profile_detail'),
]
最后报错信息：
Environment:
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://localhost:8000/profiles/Sofia/
Django Version: 1.8.17
Python Version: 3.5.2
Installed Applications:
('django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'allauth',
'allauth.account',
'allauth.socialaccount',
'allauth.socialaccount.providers.facebook',
'crispy_forms',
'newsletter',
'profiles',
'properties')
Installed Middleware:
('django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware')
Traceback:
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
132. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
22. return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/src/profiles/views.py" in profile_detail
9. obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/shortcuts.py" in get_object_or_404
155. return queryset.get(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in get
325. clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in filter
679. return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in _filter_or_exclude
697. clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in add_q
1310. clause, require_inner = self._add_q(where_part, self.used_aliases)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in _add_q
1338. allow_joins=allow_joins, split_subq=split_subq,
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in build_filter
1150. lookups, parts, reffed_expression = self.solve_lookup_type(arg)
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in solve_lookup_type
1036. _, field, _, lookup_parts = self.names_to_path(lookup_splitted, self.get_meta())
File "/Users/Alex/Desktop/Hunters/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py" in names_to_path
1397. "Choices are: %s" % (name, ", ".join(available)))
Exception Type: FieldError at /profiles/Sofia/
Exception Value: Cannot resolve keyword 'username' into field. Choices are: cidade, id, telefone, uf, user, user_id
好的，我发现了问题。花了我很长时间，因为我没有以正确的方式看待它。
问题不在于代码本身，而在于哪个模型实际存储了我需要的信息。在这种情况下，我想从数据库中获取用户和配置文件信息，但没有意识到它们是两个独立的模块。我试图从用户存储的配置文件信息中获取。
原文是：
profiles.views.py（又旧又错）
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Profile
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(Profile, username=username)
context = {
"object": obj,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
profiles.views.py（新的和有效的）——注意导入如何从配置文件更改为用户以及我如何从 obj.profile 创建新用户对象
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
# Create your views here.
@login_required
def profile_detail(request, username=None):
obj = get_object_or_404(User, username=username)
user = obj.profile
context = {
"object": obj,
"user": user,
}
template = 'profile_detail.html'
return render(request, template, context)
非常感谢大家的帮助！
我扩展了 AbtractUser class 并将 USERNAME_FIELD 设置为电子邮件； 我还将用户名字段设置为 None。 尝试使用错误的凭据以管理员身份登录会引发相同的错误。这是我的 CustomUser 模型。
class CustomUser(AbstractUser):
username = None
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
objects = CustomUserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
我只需要使用正确的电子邮件和密码即可成功登录。您可以通过命令创建超级用户；
(venv)xyz_api$ python manage.py createsuperuser
最后提到的解决方法不一定要正确输入'email'或'username'和密码。
Django 应该安全地处理该异常。 解决方案在settings.py文件中'AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS'
部分AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = [
"django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend",
# "allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend",
]
ModelBackend 可以正确处理这些对其他身份验证方法进行评论的异常。更多信息：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/auth/customizing/#specifying-authentication-backends
实际上当您使用
时会发生此错误bed = beding.objects.filter(id=request.POST['bed_id'])
并按照这种形式获取
userid = bed.value('userid')
代替
beding.objects.get(id=request.POST['bed_id'])