Django的admin自定义认证后不登录
Django's admin does not login after custom authentication
我写的自定义身份验证遵循the docs的说明。我可以注册、登录和注销用户，没问题。然后，当我创建一个超级用户 python manage.py createsuperuser 时，它会在数据库中创建一个用户，但是当我转到管理页面并尝试登录时它不允许我登录说
Please enter the correct email address and password for a staff account. Note that both fields may be case-sensitive.
这是我的代码：
models.py:
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, AbstractBaseUser, Group, Permission
from django.contrib.auth.models import BaseUserManager
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied, ObjectDoesNotExist, MultipleObjectsReturned
from datetime import datetime
from django.contrib.auth.models import PermissionsMixin
import re
class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, password = None):
'''Creates and saves a user with the given email and password '''
if not email:
raise ValueError('Email address is requied.')
user = self.model(email = self.normalize_email(email))
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, password):
''' Creates and saves a superuser with the given email and password '''
user = self.create_user(email, password = password)
user.is_admin = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
"""
Custom user class
"""
email = models.EmailField(verbose_name = 'email address',unique = True, db_index = True)
# email is the unique field that can be used for identification purposes
first_name = models.CharField(max_length = 20)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length = 30)
joined = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default = True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default = False)
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default = False)
group = models.ManyToManyField(Group, related_name = 'users')
permission = models.ManyToManyField(Permission, related_name = 'users')
objects = CustomUserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' # the unique identifier (mandatory) The filed must have unique=True set in its definition (see above)
def get_full_name(self):
return self.email
def get_short_name(self):
return self.first_name
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
''' Does the user have a specific permission'''
return True # This may need to be changed depending on the object we want to find permission for
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
''' Does the user have permission to view the app 'app_label'? The default answer is yes.
This may be modified later on. '''
return True
@property
def is_staff(self):
''' IS the user a member of staff? '''
return self.is_admin
def __unicode__(self):
return '{user_email}, {user_title} joined on {joined_date}'.format(user_email = self.email,
user_title = self.user_type,
joined_date = self.joined)
在backends.py中：
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import check_password
from accounts.models import User
class EmailAuthBackend(object):
''' Custom authentication backend. Allows users to login using their email address '''
def authenticate(self, email=None, password = None):
''' the main method of the backend '''
try:
user = User.objects.get(email = email)
if user.check_password(password):
return user
except User.DoesNotExist:
return None
def get_user(self, user_id):
try:
user = User.objects.get(pk = user_id) # Note that you MUST use pk = user_id in getting the user. Otherwise, it will fail and even though the user is authenticated, the user will not be logged in
if user.is_active:
return user
return None
except User.DoesNotExist:
return None
在admin.py中：
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
from accounts.models import User as CustomUser
class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
''' A Form for creating new users. Includes all the required field, plus a repeated password.'''
password1 = forms.CharField(label = 'Password', widget = forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label = 'Password Confirmation', widget = forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = CustomUser
fields = ('email',)
def clean_password2(self):
''' Checks that the two password entries match '''
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get('password1')
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get('password2')
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError('Passwords do NOT match!')
return password2
def save(self, commit = True):
''' Save the provided password in hashed format '''
user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit = False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data['password1'])
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
''' A form for updating users. Includes all the field on the user, but replaces the password field with admin's password hash display field '''
password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
class Meta:
model = CustomUser
fields = ('email', 'password', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_active', 'is_admin')
def clean_password(self):
''' Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value. This is done here rather than on the field because the field
does not have access to the initial value'''
return self.initial['password']
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
''' The form to add and change user instances '''
form = UserChangeForm
add_form = UserCreationForm
# The fields to be used in displaying the user model.
# These override the defintions on the base UserAdmin
# that reference specific fields on auth.User
list_display = ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_admin')
list_filter = ('is_admin',)
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
('Personal Info',{'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name',)}),
('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
)
# add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
# overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user
add_fieldsets = (
(None, {'classes': ('wide',),
'fields': ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'password1', 'password2')}
),
)
search_fields = ('email',)
ordering = ('email',)
filter_horizontal = ()
# Now, register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(CustomUser, UserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)
最后，在 settings.py 中：
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['accounts.backends.EmailAuthBackend',]
那么缺少什么？
我认为问题出在您的 EmailAuthBackend 上。如果您向后端添加一些 printing/logging，您会发现 the login form calls the authenticate method 与 username 和 password。这意味着 email 是 None，因此 user = User.objects.get(email = email) 查找失败。
在您的情况下，常规 ModelBackend 对您来说效果很好，因为您有 USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'。如果您从设置中删除 AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS，那么登录应该可以。然后您可以删除 EmailAuthBackend.
如果您想使用用户的手机号码和密码登录（并且 cell_number 不是 USERNAME_FIELD，那么您 将 需要自定义身份验证后端。您还需要一个名为 authenticate(cell_number=cell_number, password=password) 的自定义身份验证表单。支持自定义身份验证的另一个示例是 RemoteUserBackend，它根据服务器设置的环境变量登录用户。
有同样的问题。我将它改为 password 而不是 password=None。并通过 'password=password' ，连同 'username=username' 如下所示：
class MyAccountManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username, password):
if not email:
raise ValueError('Please add an email address')
if not username:
raise ValueError('Please add an username')
user = self.model(email=self.normalize_email(
email), username=username, password=password)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, password):
user = self.create_user(email=self.normalize_email(
email), username=username, password=password)
正如 Denis 上面已经说过的，确保将 AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User' 添加到 settings.py
我写的自定义身份验证遵循the docs的说明。我可以注册、登录和注销用户，没问题。然后，当我创建一个超级用户 python manage.py createsuperuser 时，它会在数据库中创建一个用户，但是当我转到管理页面并尝试登录时它不允许我登录说
Please enter the correct email address and password for a staff account. Note that both fields may be case-sensitive.
这是我的代码：
models.py:
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, AbstractBaseUser, Group, Permission
from django.contrib.auth.models import BaseUserManager
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied, ObjectDoesNotExist, MultipleObjectsReturned
from datetime import datetime
from django.contrib.auth.models import PermissionsMixin
import re
class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, password = None):
'''Creates and saves a user with the given email and password '''
if not email:
raise ValueError('Email address is requied.')
user = self.model(email = self.normalize_email(email))
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, password):
''' Creates and saves a superuser with the given email and password '''
user = self.create_user(email, password = password)
user.is_admin = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
"""
Custom user class
"""
email = models.EmailField(verbose_name = 'email address',unique = True, db_index = True)
# email is the unique field that can be used for identification purposes
first_name = models.CharField(max_length = 20)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length = 30)
joined = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default = True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default = False)
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default = False)
group = models.ManyToManyField(Group, related_name = 'users')
permission = models.ManyToManyField(Permission, related_name = 'users')
objects = CustomUserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' # the unique identifier (mandatory) The filed must have unique=True set in its definition (see above)
def get_full_name(self):
return self.email
def get_short_name(self):
return self.first_name
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
''' Does the user have a specific permission'''
return True # This may need to be changed depending on the object we want to find permission for
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
''' Does the user have permission to view the app 'app_label'? The default answer is yes.
This may be modified later on. '''
return True
@property
def is_staff(self):
''' IS the user a member of staff? '''
return self.is_admin
def __unicode__(self):
return '{user_email}, {user_title} joined on {joined_date}'.format(user_email = self.email,
user_title = self.user_type,
joined_date = self.joined)
在backends.py中：
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import check_password
from accounts.models import User
class EmailAuthBackend(object):
''' Custom authentication backend. Allows users to login using their email address '''
def authenticate(self, email=None, password = None):
''' the main method of the backend '''
try:
user = User.objects.get(email = email)
if user.check_password(password):
return user
except User.DoesNotExist:
return None
def get_user(self, user_id):
try:
user = User.objects.get(pk = user_id) # Note that you MUST use pk = user_id in getting the user. Otherwise, it will fail and even though the user is authenticated, the user will not be logged in
if user.is_active:
return user
return None
except User.DoesNotExist:
return None
在admin.py中：
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
from accounts.models import User as CustomUser
class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
''' A Form for creating new users. Includes all the required field, plus a repeated password.'''
password1 = forms.CharField(label = 'Password', widget = forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label = 'Password Confirmation', widget = forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = CustomUser
fields = ('email',)
def clean_password2(self):
''' Checks that the two password entries match '''
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get('password1')
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get('password2')
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError('Passwords do NOT match!')
return password2
def save(self, commit = True):
''' Save the provided password in hashed format '''
user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit = False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data['password1'])
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
''' A form for updating users. Includes all the field on the user, but replaces the password field with admin's password hash display field '''
password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
class Meta:
model = CustomUser
fields = ('email', 'password', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_active', 'is_admin')
def clean_password(self):
''' Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value. This is done here rather than on the field because the field
does not have access to the initial value'''
return self.initial['password']
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
''' The form to add and change user instances '''
form = UserChangeForm
add_form = UserCreationForm
# The fields to be used in displaying the user model.
# These override the defintions on the base UserAdmin
# that reference specific fields on auth.User
list_display = ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_admin')
list_filter = ('is_admin',)
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
('Personal Info',{'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name',)}),
('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
)
# add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
# overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user
add_fieldsets = (
(None, {'classes': ('wide',),
'fields': ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'password1', 'password2')}
),
)
search_fields = ('email',)
ordering = ('email',)
filter_horizontal = ()
# Now, register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(CustomUser, UserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)
最后，在 settings.py 中：
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['accounts.backends.EmailAuthBackend',]
那么缺少什么？
我认为问题出在您的 EmailAuthBackend 上。如果您向后端添加一些 printing/logging，您会发现 the login form calls the authenticate method 与 username 和 password。这意味着 email 是 None，因此 user = User.objects.get(email = email) 查找失败。
在您的情况下，常规 ModelBackend 对您来说效果很好，因为您有 USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'。如果您从设置中删除 AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS，那么登录应该可以。然后您可以删除 EmailAuthBackend.
如果您想使用用户的手机号码和密码登录（并且 cell_number 不是 USERNAME_FIELD，那么您 将 需要自定义身份验证后端。您还需要一个名为 authenticate(cell_number=cell_number, password=password) 的自定义身份验证表单。支持自定义身份验证的另一个示例是 RemoteUserBackend，它根据服务器设置的环境变量登录用户。
有同样的问题。我将它改为 password 而不是 password=None。并通过 'password=password' ，连同 'username=username' 如下所示：
class MyAccountManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username, password):
if not email:
raise ValueError('Please add an email address')
if not username:
raise ValueError('Please add an username')
user = self.model(email=self.normalize_email(
email), username=username, password=password)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, password):
user = self.create_user(email=self.normalize_email(
email), username=username, password=password)
正如 Denis 上面已经说过的，确保将 AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User' 添加到 settings.py