awk 只适用于复制的数据，为什么？

Question

我有一个稍微简单的 awk 用于此处描述的目的：

awk 仅在我 copy/paste 将数据放入新文件后才对数据起作用。例如，如果我将 head 的输出定向到一个新文件中，awk 仍然不起作用。 awk 仅在我 copy/paste 将文件放入新文件时才有效。

`head -40 file.csv > output.csv`

这是 awk:

`awk -F, '/"Serial No."/ {sn = } 
     /"Location:"/  {loc = } 
     /"([0-9]{1,2}\/){2}[0-9]{4} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}"/ 
                    {[=11=] = loc FS sn FS [=11=]}1' file.csv>master1.csv`

如果我 copy/paste 数据并将其与原始数据进行比较，输出表明每一行都有差异，但没有说明在哪里。如果您查看 head 输出和 copy/paste 文件之间的差异，您会得到：

`diff trap4_top.csv trap4_again.csv'

:

 < 1,25c1,24

 < "Serial No.","0700000036022821"

 < "Location:","LS_trap_2c"
 < "High temperature limit (�C)",20
 < "Low temperature limit (�C)",0
 < "Date - Time","Temperature (�C)"
 < "5/28/2015 08:00",24.0
 < "5/28/2015 10:00",29.5
 < "5/28/2015 12:00",28.0
 < "5/28/2015 14:00",28.5
 < "5/28/2015 16:00",27.0
 < "5/28/2015 18:00",24.5
 < "5/28/2015 20:00",23.0
 < "5/28/2015 22:00",22.5
 < "5/29/2015 00:00",21.5
 < "5/29/2015 02:00",21.0
 < "5/29/2015 04:00",20.0
 < "5/29/2015 06:00",20.0
 < "5/29/2015 08:00",24.5
 < "5/29/2015 10:00",26.0
 < "5/29/2015 12:00",27.5
 < "5/29/2015 14:00",30.0
 < "5/29/2015 16:00",29.0
 < "5/29/2015 18:00",25.5
 < "5/29/2015 20:00",23.5
 < "5/29/2015 22:00",23.0
 ---
 > "Serial No.","0700000036022821"
 > "Location:","LS_trap_2c"
 > "High temperature limit (°C)",20
 > "Low temperature limit (°C)",0
 > "Date - Time","Temperature (°C)"
 > "5/28/2015 08:00",24.0
 > "5/28/2015 10:00",29.5
 > "5/28/2015 12:00",28.0
 > "5/28/2015 14:00",28.5
 > "5/28/2015 16:00",27.0
 > "5/28/2015 18:00",24.5
 > "5/28/2015 20:00",23.0
 > "5/28/2015 22:00",22.5
 > "5/29/2015 00:00",21.5
 > "5/29/2015 02:00",21.0
 > "5/29/2015 04:00",20.0
 > "5/29/2015 06:00",20.0
 > "5/29/2015 08:00",24.5
 > "5/29/2015 10:00",26.0
 > "5/29/2015 12:00",27.5
 > "5/29/2015 14:00",30.0
 > "5/29/2015 16:00",29.0
 > "5/29/2015 18:00",25.5
 > "5/29/2015 20:00",23.5`

我在 diff 中看到了特殊字符，但我不知道它们是否涉及，也不知道如何删除它们，除了 copy/paste 到目前为止。

head trap4.csv | cat -vte

给出：

"Serial No.","0700000036022821"^M$
"Location:","LS_trap_2c"^M$
"High temperature limit (M-0C)",20^M$
"Low temperature limit (M-0C)",0^M$
"Date - Time","Temperature (M-0C)"^M$
"5/28/2015 08:00",24.0^M$
"5/28/2015 10:00",29.5^M$
"5/28/2015 12:00",28.0^M$
"5/28/2015 14:00",28.5^M$
"5/28/2015 16:00",27.0^M$

Answer 1

好的，因为我怀疑您的输入文件有 DOS 行结尾，即 \r 或 ^M（如上所示）。

您应该通过运行:

将您的输入文件转换为 unix 行结尾

dos2unix file.csv

否则你可以这样做：

head -40 file.csv | sed 's/\r//' | awk ...

awk 只适用于复制的数据，为什么？

awk only works on copied data, why?

bash

awk

copy-paste

special-characters