如何配置 Spring TestRestTemplate

How to configure Spring TestRestTemplate

我有一个 REST (spring-hateoas) 服务器,我想用 JUnit 测试来测试它。因此我使用的是自动注入的 TestRestTemplate.

但是我现在如何向这个预配置的 TestRestTemplate 添加更多配置?我需要配置rootURI并添加拦截器。

这是我的 JUnit 测试 class:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)      

public class RestEndpointTests {
  private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

  @LocalServerPort
  int localServerPort;

  @Value(value = "${spring.data.rest.base-path}")   // nice trick to get basePath from application.properties
  String basePath;

  @Autowired
  TestRestTemplate client;    //  how to configure client?

  [... here are my @Test methods that use client ...]
}

The documentation sais that a static @TestConfiguration class can be used. 但在静态 class 中我无法访问 localServerPortbasePath:

  @TestConfiguration
  static class Config {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
      String rootUri = "http://localhost:"+localServerPort+basePath;    // <=== DOES NOT WORK
      log.trace("Creating and configuring RestTemplate for "+rootUri);
      return new RestTemplateBuilder()
        .basicAuthorization(TestFixtures.USER1_EMAIL, TestFixtures.USER1_PWD)
        .errorHandler(new LiquidoTestErrorHandler())
        .requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
        .additionalInterceptors(new LogRequestInterceptor())
        .rootUri(rootUri);
    }

  }

我最重要的问题:为什么 TestRestTemplate 不首先考虑 application.properties 中的 spring.data.rest.base-path? beeing complete preconfigured 的想法不是吗,这个包装器的整个用例 class?

医生说

If you are using the @SpringBootTest annotation, a TestRestTemplate is automatically available and can be @Autowired into you test. If you need customizations (for example to adding additional message converters) use a RestTemplateBuilder @Bean.

完整的 Java 代码示例看起来如何?

我知道这是一个老问题,您现在可能已经找到了另一个解决方案。但无论如何,我正在为其他像我一样绊倒的人回答。我遇到了类似的问题,最终在我的测试中使用 @PostConstruct class 来构建一个配置为我喜欢的 TestRestTemplate 而不是使用 @TestConfiguration。

    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @EnableAutoConfiguration
    @SpringBootTest(classes = {BackendApplication.class}, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
    public class MyCookieClientTest {
        @LocalServerPort
        int localPort;

        @Autowired
        RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder;

        private TestRestTemplate template;

        @PostConstruct
        public void initialize() {
            RestTemplate customTemplate = restTemplateBuilder
                .rootUri("http://localhost:"+localPort)
                ....
                .build();
            this.template = new TestRestTemplate(customTemplate,
                 null, null, //I don't use basic auth, if you do you can set user, pass here
                 HttpClientOption.ENABLE_COOKIES); // I needed cookie support in this particular test, you may not have this need
        }
    }

为了配置你的TestRestTemplate,官方documentation建议你使用TestRestTemplate,如下例所示(例如,添加一个Basic Authentication):

public class YourEndpointClassTest {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(YourEndpointClassTest.class);  

    private static final String BASE_URL = "/your/base/url";

    @TestConfiguration
    static class TestRestTemplateAuthenticationConfiguration {

        @Value("${spring.security.user.name}")
        private String userName;

        @Value("${spring.security.user.password}")
        private String password;

        @Bean
        public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
            return new RestTemplateBuilder().basicAuthentication(userName, password);
        }
    }


    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;

//here add your tests...

我遇到过一种情况,当时我需要使用 TestRestTemplate 访问我们测试环境中远程服务器上的 REST 端点。因此,测试没有启动 Spring 启动应用程序,而不仅仅是连接到远程端点并从那里使用 REST 服务。测试的配置更简单,执行速度更快,因为它没有构建复杂的 Spring(引导)上下文。这是我的配置的摘录:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class RemoteRestTestAbstract {

protected TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
private static RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder;


@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
    restTemplateBuilder = new RestTemplateBuilder()
        .rootUri("http://my-remote-test-server.my-domain.com:8080/");
}

@Before
public void init() {
    restTemplate = new TestRestTemplate(restTemplateBuilder);
    login();
}

//...

}