使用 Python 元素树库将文本附加到 XML 文件

Question

我需要创建一个 XML 文件，它将 N 作为用户的输入，看起来像这样（这里，N=3）：

<test name="test1">                                                                
    <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva1" />  
    <classes>
        <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
    </classes>
</test>
<test name="test2">
    <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva2" />
    <classes>
        <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
    </classes>
</test>
<test name="test3">
    <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva3" />
    <classes>
        <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
    </classes>
</test>

因此，为了做到这一点，我创建了以下代码，如下所示：

from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree

#Number of users to create: Edit this part
N_users = 1

#Counter to terminate the loop and ID's
counter = 0
usr_num = 1

root = Element('test')
root.text = '<parameter name="username" value="bhusriva1" />'
tree = ElementTree(root)
name = Element('classes')
root.append(name)
name.text = '\n<class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />\n'
root.set('name', 'test1')
print(etree.tostring(root))
tree.write(open('create_users_multi_browser.xml', 'w'))

while (N_users - 1) > counter:
    counter = counter + 1
    usr_num = usr_num + 1
    root = Element('test')
    temp1 = "<parameter name=" + "\"" + "username"+ "\"" + " value=" + "\"" + "bhusriva" + str(usr_num) + "\"" +" />"  
    root.text = temp1
    tree = ElementTree(root)
    name = Element('classes')
    root.append(name)
    name.text = '<class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />'
    temp2 = "test" + str(usr_num)
    root.set('name', temp2)
    print(etree.tostring(root))
    tree.write(open("create_users_multi_browser.xml", "a"))

在这里，对于 N_users = 1，代码工作正常，但对于 N_users > 1，它在 Internet Explorer 中给出以下输出：

<parameter name="username" value="bhusriva1" /> <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />

那么，代码中需要修正什么？具有一些不同库用法的全新代码也适合我。

Answer 1

您的代码有几个问题。首先，如果您使用 root.text，则 < 和 > 会被字符串转义版本（ > 和 < ）替换。其次，您不必维护那么多计数器。 Python 直接给你做！如果我们解决了这两个问题（我添加了评论来解释发生了什么）并稍微清理一下逻辑，那么我们会得到以下内容：

 from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import SubElement
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree

 # Number of users to create: Edit this part
 users = 3

 op = ""
 for i in xrange(1, users + 1):
     # Create test element
     root = Element('test')
     root.set('name', 'test' + str(i))

     # Create parameter element
     params = SubElement(root, 'parameter')
     params.set('name' , 'username')
     params.set('value', 'bhusriva' + str(i))

     # Create classes element
     classes = SubElement(root, 'classes')

     # Add class subelement 
     class_element = SubElement(classes, 'class')
     class_element.set('name', 'bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest')

     # Add output to string
     op = op + etree.tostring(root)

 # Write output to file
 with open('create_users_multi_browser.xml', 'w') as f:
     f.write(op)

运行这给出了输出：

<test name="test1">
  <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva1" />
  <classes>
    <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
  </classes>
</test>
<test name="test2">
  <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva2" />
  <classes>
    <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
  </classes>
</test>
<test name="test3">
  <parameter name="username" value="bhusriva3" />
  <classes>
    <class name="bhuv.mllab.tests.DensityTest" />
  </classes>
</test>

希望对您有所帮助！

使用 Python 元素树库将文本附加到 XML 文件

Append text to an XML file using Python element tree library

python

xml

elementtree