Python/Tensorflow - 我训练了卷积神经网络,如何测试它?

Python/Tensorflow - I have trained the convolutional neural network, how to test it?

我用二进制文件中的以下数据(标签、文件名、数据(像素))训练了一个卷积神经网络 (CNN):

[array([2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1,
           0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0]), array(['10_c.jpg', '10_m.jpg', '10_n.jpg', '1_c.jpg',
           '1_m.jpg', '1_n.jpg', '2_c.jpg', '2_m.jpg',
           '2_n.jpg', '3_c.jpg', '3_m.jpg', '3_n.jpg',
           '4_c.jpg', '4_m.jpg', '4_n.jpg', '5_c.jpg',
           '5_m.jpg', '5_n.jpg', '6_c.jpg', '6_m.jpg',
           '6_n.jpg', '7_c.jpg', '7_m.jpg', '7_n.jpg',
           '8_c.jpg', '8_m.jpg', '8_n.jpg', '9_c.jpg',
           '9_m.jpg', '9_n.jpg'], 
          dtype='<U15'), array([[255, 252, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255],
           [136, 137, 138, ..., 114, 110, 111],
           [200, 200, 199, ..., 179, 178, 177],
           ..., 
           [146, 157, 165, ..., 202, 202, 201],
           [228, 225, 222, ..., 219, 221, 223],
           [128, 127, 127, ..., 133, 129, 127]])]

每批包含所有图像,30个epohs 运行:

EPOCH 0
0 0.476923
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 1
0 0.615385
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 2
0 0.615385
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 3
0 0.538462
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 4
0 0.384615
DONE WITH EPOCH
...
...
EPOCH 28
0 0.615385
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 29
0 0.692308
DONE WITH EPOCH

我的问题是我想尝试新图像(测试),并想知道返回的 class (0,1,2)。在这种情况下我该怎么办?也就是说,我训练了CNN,但是怎么测试呢?

EDIT-1

对于评估准确性点,我在测试20张图片时得到以下结果:

EPOCH 0
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 1
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 2
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 3
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 4
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 5
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 6
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 7
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 8
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 9
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 10
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 11
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 12
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 13
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 14
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 15
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 16
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 17
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 18
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 19
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 20
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 21
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 22
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 23
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 24
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 25
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 26
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 27
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 28
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 29
0 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH

当应用 获取网络为测试数据生成的标签 点时,我得到以下信息:

EPOCH 0
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 1
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 2
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 3
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 4
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 5
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 6
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 7
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 8
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 9
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 10
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 11
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 12
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 13
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 14
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 15
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 16
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 17
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 18
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 19
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 20
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 21
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 22
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 23
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 24
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 25
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 26
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 27
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 28
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 29
0 0.0
DONE WITH EPOCH 

为什么我得到 01?拥有这些值是否有意义(即没有分数)?

EDIT-2

对于获取网络为测试数据生成的标签,当打印出标签值和每个时期的准确率时,我得到以下信息(标签总是0,尽管我只期待 02,并且准确度为 1):

EPOCH 0
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 1
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 2
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 3
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 4
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 5
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
.....
.....
EPOCH 28
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH
EPOCH 29
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1.0
DONE WITH EPOCH

谢谢。

一般讨论

一般来说,为了测试神经网络,您需要获取未用于训练的新标记数据,在这些数据上应用网络(即应用前馈过程),然后评估结果的准确性(与您所知道的真实标签相比)。

如果你没有这样的新数据(也就是说,如果你用你所有的数据来训练)并且你不能产生新数据,我建议你把你的训练数据,分开训练和测试,并重新运行 你的训练程序从头开始训练数据。重要的是,测试数据将是未使用的数据,以便能够评估模型的性能。

评估准确度

现在,假设您正在谈论 问题中的网络, 您可以做类似的事情来衡量测试数据的准确性:

accuracy_test = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: test_data, y: test_onehot_vals})

其中 test_datatest_onehot_vals 是您的测试图片(和相应的标签)。

回想一下 运行 以下训练内容:

_, accuracy_val = sess.run([train_op, accuracy], feed_dict={x: batch_data, y: batch_onehot_vals})

请注意,我在accuracy_test的计算中没有使用train_op。这是因为当你测试你的表现时,你没有优化权重或类似的东西(train_op 做的)。您只需应用您当前拥有的网络。

获取网络为测试数据生成的标签

最后,如果你想要你的测试数据的实际标签,你需要得到tf.argmax(model_op, 1)的值。所以你可以把它设置成一个单独的变量,例如

行的正上方
correct_pred = tf.equal(tf.argmax(model_op, 1), tf.argmax(y,1))

你可以这样做:

res_model=tf.argmax(model_op, 1)
correct_pred = tf.equal(res_model, tf.argmax(y,1))

然后和accuracy_test一起求值如下:

res, accuracy_test = sess.run([res_model,accuracy], feed_dict={x: test_data, y: test_onehot_vals}).

在未标记数据上应用网络

完成网络测试后,假设您对结果满意,您可以继续并将网络应用于新的和未标记的数据。例如通过做

res_new = sess.run(res_model, feed_dict={x: new_data}).

请注意,为了生成 res_model(这基本上意味着仅在输入上应用网络),您不需要任何标签,因此您不需要 y 值feed_dict。 res_new 将是新标签。