强化 PowerShell 脚本以使用 PowerCLI 自动使用 VM

Question

为了让运行一些其他脚本有一个干净的环境，我需要在每次计划任务触发它时恢复 ESX 主机上的虚拟机。

恢复可以通过运行ning:

Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false

启动可以通过运行ning实现：

Start-VM -VM $VMName

停止可以通过运行ning:

来实现

Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false

我如何以更安全的方式处理此问题，例如在恢复、启动或停止 VM 时能够处理错误，并在其中一个任务成功执行时获得 return？

我正在使用 PowerCLI 6.5.0。

Answer 1

您可以使用多种方法来实现这一点。这里有 2 个例子：

使用 -ErrorVariable

# Revert VM
Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false -ErrorVariable revertError

If ($revertError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while reverting snapshot !" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $revertError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully reverted to snapshot." -ForegroundColor Green
}

# Start VM
Start-VM -VM $VMName -ErrorVariable startError

If ($startError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while starting VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $startError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully started VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}

# Stop VM
Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false -ErrorVariable shutdownError

If ($shutdownError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while shutting down guest OS of VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $shutdownError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully stopped VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}

使用@mark-wragg 提到的Try/Catch

# Revert VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false
    Write-Host "Successfully reverted to snapshot." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while reverting snapshot !" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

# Start VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Start-VM -VM $VMName
    Write-Host "Successfully started VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while starting VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

# Stop VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false
    Write-Host "Successfully stopped VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while shutting down guest OS of VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

强化 PowerShell 脚本以使用 PowerCLI 自动使用 VM

Hardening PowerShell Script for Automating Usage of VMs using PowerCLI

powershell

powercli