如何按多列汇总 "long" 格式的数据框?

How can I summarize a data frame in a "long" format by multiple columns?

我的数据框组织如下:

Variable 1 | Variable 2 | Variable 3 | Outcome Variable
---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ----------------
Factor     | Factor     | Factor     | Outcome 

几千行、15 个变量列和 1 个输出列。我想用以下长格式总结 table(最好使用 plyr):

Variable 1 | Variable 2 | Variable 3 | Outcome Variable
---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ----------------
Factor 1   | Factor 1   | Factor 1   | Average Outcome 
Factor 1   | Factor 1   | Factor 2   | Average Outcome 
Factor 1   | Factor 2   | Factor 1   | Average Outcome 
Factor 1   | Factor 2   | Factor 2   | Average Outcome

针对不同的变量组合。最简单的方法是什么?

我们可以使用dplyr

library(dplyr)
df1 %>%
    group_by(variable1, variable2, variable3) %>%
    summarise(OutcomeVariable = mean(OutcomeVariable))

或者用base R

aggregate(OutcomeVariable ~., df1, FUN = mean)