从 FTP 服务器下载文件:异常:读取 SSH 协议横幅时出错

Download files from FTP server: Exception: Error reading SSH protocol banner

我想从 FTP 服务器下载文件(我在 Linux 14.04 lts、Python 2.7.13 版、Paramiko 2.2.1 版上安装了测试 vsftpd 服务器) 使用以下代码(我没有发布所有代码,仅在引发异常的地方发布)

import datetime
import socket
import paramiko
import os
import shutil

today = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=3)
formattedtime = today.strftime('%Y%m%d')
destination = '/home/path/TestDir-%s' % formattedtime

if not os.path.exists(destination):
   os.mkdir(destination)

def file_download(hostname, username, hostport, password):
    rsa_private_key = r"~/.ssh/id_rsa"
    def agent_auth(transport, username):

    try:
        ki = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(rsa_private_key)
    except Exception, e:
        print 'Failed loading {} {}'.format(rsa_private_key, e)        
    agent = paramiko.Agent()
    agent_keys = agent.get_keys() + (ki,)
    if len(agent_keys) == 0:
        return
    for key in agent_keys:
        print 'Trying ssh-agent key{}'.format(key.get_fingerprint().encode('hex'), )
        try:
            transport.auth_publickey(username, key)
            print '... success!'
            return
        except paramiko.SSHException, e:
            print '... failed!', e
    password = password  # This is used when password is used to login
    host = hostname
    username = username
    port = hostport
    paramiko.util.log_to_file("/home/path/Desktop//filename.log")
    hostkeytype = None
    hostkey = None
    files_copied = 0
    try:
        host_keys = paramiko.util.load_host_keys(os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/known_hosts'))
    except IOError:
        try:
            host_keys = paramiko.util.load_host_keys(os.path.expanduser('~/ssh/known_hosts'))
        except IOError:
            print '*** Unable to open host keys file'
            host_keys = {}
    if hostname in host_keys:
        hostkeytype = host_keys[hostname].keys()[0]
        hostkey = host_keys[hostname][hostkeytype]
        print 'Using host key of type %s' % hostkeytype
    try:
        transport = paramiko.Transport((host, port))
        transport.start_client()
        agent_auth(transport, username)
        if not transport.is_authenticated():
            print 'RSA key auth failed! Trying password login...'
            transport.auth_password(username=username, password=password)
        else:
            ssftp = transport.open_session()
        ssftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
        print ssftp
    except Exception as qw:
        print "asdasd {}".format(qw)

但我总是得到这个例外:

Error reading SSH protocol banner

这是堆栈跟踪:

DEB [20170623-17:28:22.595] thr=1  paramiko.transport: starting thread (client mode): 0x2806c910L DEB [20170623-17:28:22.595] thr=1 paramiko.transport: Local version/idstring: SSH-2.0-paramiko_2.1.2 
DEB [20170623-17:28:22.596] thr=1  paramiko.transport: Banner: 220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2) DEB [20170623-17:28:22.596] thr=1   paramiko.transport: Banner: 530 Please login with USER and PASS. 
ERR [20170623-17:28:24.599] thr=1  paramiko.transport: Exception: Error reading SSH protocol banner ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1 paramiko.transport: Traceback (most recent call last): 
ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1  paramiko.transport: File "/balh/blah/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/transport.py", line 1749, in run ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1  paramiko.transport:     self._check_banner() 
ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1  paramiko.transport: File "/balh/blah/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/transport.py", line 1897, in _check_banner 
ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1  paramiko.transport: raise SSHException('Error reading SSH protocol banner' + str(e)) 
ERR [20170623-17:28:24.600] thr=1  paramiko.transport: SSHException: Error reading SSH protocol banner

我已经尝试增加 transport.py 中的 self.banner_timeout = 60,就像某些工单中建议的那样,但没有成功。

Banner: 220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2) ...

这意味着您正在连接到 FTP 服务器。

SSHException: Error reading SSH protocol banner

这意味着您需要的是 SSH 服务器,而不是 FTP 服务器。

造成这种混淆的原因是您假设 SFTP 就像 FTP,但事实并非如此。这些是完全不同的协议。 SFTP 是基于 SSH 的文件传输,而 FTP 是 RFC959 中描述的已有 30 多年历史的协议。 FTPS(不是 SFTP)是添加到这个旧协议的 SSL 支持。

要访问 FTP 或 FTPS 服务器,您可以在 Python.
中使用 ftplib 要使用 SFTP 访问您的服务器,请使用端口 22 (ssh) 而不是端口 21 (ftp) 作为目标端口,前提是此端口上有一个 SSH 服务器也允许 SFTP .