在 Python 中创建多边形

Creating a polygon in Python

我在 Python 中为每个顶点生成随机坐标,如下所示:

n = 10
V = []
V=range(n) #vertices

random.seed(1)
points = []

for i in V:
    x = random.randint(0,50)
    y = random.randint(0,50)
    points.append((x,y))

我需要使用这些顶点创建一个闭合多边形。有人可以为此提供建议吗?

给定n,只生成n-1个随机顶点,最后添加列表中的第一个元素作为第n个元素,得到闭合多边形。

NOTE:您需要特殊处理新生成的顶点尚未出现在列表中

判断顶点是否构成真正的多边形,见文章

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/52733/equation-to-check-if-a-set-of-vertices-form-a-real-polygon

import random

n = 10
V = []
V = range(n-1) #vertices

random.seed(1)
points = []

for i in V:
    x = random.randint(0,50)
    y = random.randint(0,50)
    points.append((x,y))

points.append(points[0])
print(points)

样本运行

======== RESTART: C:/polygon.py ========
[(8, 36), (48, 4), (16, 7), (31, 48), (28, 30), (41, 24), (50, 13), (6, 31), (1, 24), (8, 36)]

如果您不想要交叉点,实现此目的的一种方法是在一些旋转规则之后对您的坐标对进行排序。在上面的示例中,我首先定义了一个中心点(这里分别是所有 x 和 y 值的平均值),然后计算每个坐标对与该中心点定义的角度。正如 JRG 已经说过的,您可以通过将第一个点附加到您的点序列来获得一个封闭的多边形:

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

def draw_polygon(ax, n):

    x = np.random.randint(0,50,n)
    y = np.random.randint(0,50,n)

    ##computing the (or a) 'center point' of the polygon
    center_point = [np.sum(x)/n, np.sum(y)/n]

    angles = np.arctan2(x-center_point[0],y-center_point[1])

    ##sorting the points:
    sort_tups = sorted([(i,j,k) for i,j,k in zip(x,y,angles)], key = lambda t: t[2])

    ##making sure that there are no duplicates:
    if len(sort_tups) != len(set(sort_tups)):
        raise Exception('two equal coordinates -- exiting')

    x,y,angles = zip(*sort_tups)
    x = list(x)
    y = list(y)

    ##appending first coordinate values to lists:
    x.append(x[0])
    y.append(y[0])

    ax.plot(x,y, label = '{}'.format(n))

if __name__ == '__main__':

    fig,ax = plt.subplots()

    for n in range(3,11,2):
        draw_polygon(ax,n)

    ax.legend()
    plt.show()

结果看起来像这样: