基于arduino串行输出启动python tkinter秒表
Start python tkinter stopwatch based on arduino serial output
我有一个连接到按钮的arduino。按下按钮时，串行输出 1 通过串行发送。我希望 python tkinter 秒表在按下按钮时启动。目前我知道 python 串行读取正在读取 1。并在 python 终端打印出来。但我无法控制 tkinter 秒表。 PS：我是 python 的新手。下面是我当前的代码。
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
print("connected to: " + ser.portstr)
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
编辑：根据评论回答，我已经开始工作了。下面是工作代码。
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def Read():
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
print("connected to: " + ser.portstr)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
return chr(line)
ser.close()
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
ser = Read()
if ser == '1':
sw.Start()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
你的 main() 和 if __name__ 语句有点破。
根据我在您的代码中看到的，您的代码不会 运行 您认为的那样。
您应该只创建一个 Tk() 的实例，并且在您的代码中它被写入了两次。
请注意，您在 root.mainloop() 之后编写的任何代码都不会 运行 直到 mainloop() 结束。届时您的程序将关闭，并且由于您的 main() 语句的其余部分，将创建一个新实例。
这可能不是您的本意。
这个：
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
大概应该是这样的：
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
这并不是要回答您的整体问题，因为我还没有详细查看您的所有代码，但很难将它放在评论中，所以我写在这里。
更新：
我无法在任何与串行相关的内容上测试您的代码，但是我确实修改了您的 for 循环以测试您代码的功能。话虽如此，我相信您想将 ser = serial.Serial() 的内容移动到 while 循环之前的 main() 函数中。另外，也许您应该稍微更改一下 while 循环语句。目前语句 while True: 将永远 运行。
而是使用这样的东西。
x = True
while x == True:
# do stuff
x = False
sw.Start()
最后我认为你的代码应该是这样的：
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
x = True
count=1
while x == True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
我有一个连接到按钮的arduino。按下按钮时，串行输出 1 通过串行发送。我希望 python tkinter 秒表在按下按钮时启动。目前我知道 python 串行读取正在读取 1。并在 python 终端打印出来。但我无法控制 tkinter 秒表。 PS：我是 python 的新手。下面是我当前的代码。
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
print("connected to: " + ser.portstr)
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
编辑：根据评论回答，我已经开始工作了。下面是工作代码。
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def Read():
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
print("connected to: " + ser.portstr)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
return chr(line)
ser.close()
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
ser = Read()
if ser == '1':
sw.Start()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
你的 main() 和 if __name__ 语句有点破。
根据我在您的代码中看到的，您的代码不会 运行 您认为的那样。
您应该只创建一个 Tk() 的实例，并且在您的代码中它被写入了两次。
请注意，您在 root.mainloop() 之后编写的任何代码都不会 运行 直到 mainloop() 结束。届时您的程序将关闭，并且由于您的 main() 语句的其余部分，将创建一个新实例。
这可能不是您的本意。
这个：
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
大概应该是这样的：
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
count=1
while True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
ser.close()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
这并不是要回答您的整体问题，因为我还没有详细查看您的所有代码，但很难将它放在评论中，所以我写在这里。
更新：
我无法在任何与串行相关的内容上测试您的代码，但是我确实修改了您的 for 循环以测试您代码的功能。话虽如此，我相信您想将 ser = serial.Serial() 的内容移动到 while 循环之前的 main() 函数中。另外，也许您应该稍微更改一下 while 循环语句。目前语句 while True: 将永远 运行。
而是使用这样的东西。
x = True
while x == True:
# do stuff
x = False
sw.Start()
最后我认为你的代码应该是这样的：
from tkinter import *
import time
import serial
class StopWatch(Frame):
""" Implements a stop watch frame widget. """
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw)
self._start = 0.0
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._running = 0
self.timestr = StringVar()
self.makeWidgets()
def makeWidgets(self):
""" Make the time label. """
l = Label(self, textvariable=self.timestr)
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
l.pack(fill=X, expand=NO, pady=2, padx=2)
def _update(self):
""" Update the label with elapsed time. """
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._timer = self.after(50, self._update)
def _setTime(self, elap):
""" Set the time string to Minutes:Seconds:Hundreths """
minutes = int(elap/60)
seconds = int(elap - minutes*60.0)
hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds)*100)
self.timestr.set('%02d:%02d:%02d' % (minutes, seconds, hseconds))
def Start(self):
""" Start the stopwatch, ignore if running. """
if not self._running:
self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime
self._update()
self._running = 1
def Stop(self):
""" Stop the stopwatch, ignore if stopped. """
if self._running:
self.after_cancel(self._timer)
self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
self._running = 0
def Reset(self):
""" Reset the stopwatch. """
self._start = time.time()
self._elapsedtime = 0.0
self._setTime(self._elapsedtime)
def main():
root = Tk()
sw = StopWatch(root)
sw.pack(side=TOP)
ser = serial.Serial(
port='COM4',\
baudrate=57600,\
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,\
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,\
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,\
timeout=10)
x = True
count=1
while x == True:
for line in ser.read():
print(chr(line))
count = count+1
if chr(line) == '1':
sw.Start()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()