Bundler 在 Mac 上错过了宝石

Question

我在使用捆绑器加载 gem 时遇到问题。仅在我的 mac 环境中发生。 gem 无法通过捆绑器找到，但是当我通过 gem install #{gem} 全局安装 gem 时它可以工作。

我想这是特定于环境的问题，但我不确定如何调试它。我在 Ubuntu 盒子上有相同版本的 ruby、ruby-install 和 chruby 和捆绑器，但它工作得很好。

到目前为止，我在使用 gems spring-comands-rspec 和 rack-cors 时遇到了这个问题。

损坏的环境（Mac）：

OS: Darwin nb-mjacobus2 16.7.0 Darwin Kernel Version 16.7.0: Thu Jun 15 17:36:27 PDT 2017; root:xnu-3789.70.16~2/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64
Bundler: 1.15.4
ruby-install: 0.6.1
chruby: 0.3.9
ruby: ruby 2.4.1p111 (2017-03-22 revision 58053) [x86_64-darwin16]

暴露错误：

宝石文件

group :development do
  # ...
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
  # ...
end

运行测试

./bin/rspec spec/controller/some_controller_spec.rb:8
/$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require': cannot load such file -- spring-commands-rspec (LoadError)
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.spring.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/commands.rb:29:in `<module:Spring>'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/commands.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/server.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/server.rb:9:in `call'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/bin/spring:49:in `<main>'

手动安装 gem 解决问题....

gem install spring-commands-rspec
Fetching: spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Parsing documentation for spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Installing ri documentation for spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Done installing documentation for spring-commands-rspec after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

...但我收到此警告：

./bin/rspec spec/pattern_library_controller_spec.rb
WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      minitest (~> 5.1)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      minitest (~> 5.1)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
Running via Spring preloader in process 53164
Run options: include {:focus=>true}

All examples were filtered out; ignoring {:focus=>true}

Randomized with seed 5284

SomeController
  should respond with a success status code (2xx)

Finished in 0.13193 seconds (files took 0.66951 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures

Randomized with seed 5284

知道问题出在哪里吗？

Answer 1

出于某种原因，gems 安装在 vendor/bundle 内部，但不是全部。删除 rm -rf .bundle vendor/bundle && bundle install 做到了。

.bundle/config 的内容是：

---
BUNDLE_WITHOUT: "development:related"

Answer 2

TL;DR;尝试将 spring-commands-rspec 移动到 Gemfile 中的 test 组：

group :development
  # ...
  # ...
end
group :test do
# ...
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
end

OR group :development, :test do 如果您需要 gem 不仅用于测试。

简而言之：有Environment的概念，当你运行东西在Rails的时候。加载的 gems 也依赖于它，通过 Gemfile - Bundler 从相应组加载常见的 gems 和 gems。默认环境是开发，但rspec使用测试环境。因此，当您运行 rspec ... 组 development 中的 gems 未在组 test[ 中列出时，它们不会被加载=44=]还有。

更新：您似乎已经在服务器模式 中设置了您的应用程序 （可能是您从部署脚本中获取了安装命令）。因为在 staging/production 服务器（即 gems 与应用程序一起安装在本地）。
但在那种情况下，你 .bundle/config 至少应该包括 BUNDLE_PATH：

BUNDLE_FROZEN: "1" BUNDLE_PATH: "./vendor/bundle" BUNDLE_WITHOUT: "development:test" BUNDLE_DISABLE_SHARED_GEMS: "true"

Bundler 在 Mac 上错过了宝石

Bundler misses gems on Mac

ruby

rubygems

bundler

暴露错误：