在特定字段或列上使用 sed
Using sed on specific fields or columns
我有一个文件，其中包含用冒号分隔的字段（这些都是假的 numbers/names 顺便说一句，所以无需担心机密性）。我想要完成的是让最后一列看起来更像一个货币值，即前面有千位分隔符和一个美元符号。
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, Duluth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
有什么方法可以用 sed 做到这一点吗？如果我可以只挑出最后一列并忽略它之前的内容，我觉得我可以轻松地做类似
的事情
sed 's/^/$/'
在开头添加 $ 符号
我的预期输出是：
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
... etc
看来你想要这样的东西。
$ sed 's/.\{3\}$/,&/;s/[^:]*$/$&/' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:,700
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, Duluth, MN 23850:4/12/23:0,900
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:,400
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:,000
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:,900
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:,000
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:,100
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:,600
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:7/25/53:,100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:,200
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:,600
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:,200
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:5,700
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:3,500
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:,350
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:,500
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:,300
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:,200
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:,900
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:,500
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:,000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:,500
为了清晰、简单、健壮和优秀软件的所有其他理想品质，只需使用 awk：
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=":"} {$NF=sprintf("$%7d",$NF)} 1' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
当最后一个字段多 1 个数字时，尝试当前接受的 sed 和 awk 解决方案：
$ cat file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:1260000
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=":"} {$NF=sprintf("$%7d",$NF)} 1' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:,260,000
$ sed 's/.\{3\}$/,&/;s/[^:]*$/$&/' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:60,000
我有一个文件，其中包含用冒号分隔的字段（这些都是假的 numbers/names 顺便说一句，所以无需担心机密性）。我想要完成的是让最后一列看起来更像一个货币值，即前面有千位分隔符和一个美元符号。
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, Duluth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
有什么方法可以用 sed 做到这一点吗？如果我可以只挑出最后一列并忽略它之前的内容，我觉得我可以轻松地做类似
的事情sed 's/^/$/'
在开头添加 $ 符号
我的预期输出是：
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
... etc
看来你想要这样的东西。
$ sed 's/.\{3\}$/,&/;s/[^:]*$/$&/' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:,700
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, Duluth, MN 23850:4/12/23:0,900
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:,400
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:,000
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:,900
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:,000
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:,100
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:,600
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:7/25/53:,100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:,200
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:,600
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:,200
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:5,700
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:3,500
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:,350
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:,500
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:,300
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:,200
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:,900
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:,500
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:,000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:,500
为了清晰、简单、健壮和优秀软件的所有其他理想品质，只需使用 awk：
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=":"} {$NF=sprintf("$%7d",$NF)} 1' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:6,000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:8,500
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:,500
当最后一个字段多 1 个数字时，尝试当前接受的 sed 和 awk 解决方案：
$ cat file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:1260000
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=":"} {$NF=sprintf("$%7d",$NF)} 1' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:,260,000
$ sed 's/.\{3\}$/,&/;s/[^:]*$/$&/' file
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:60,000