windows 中的 Clang++ 4.0.0 编译错误

Question

我正在使用从 windows 10（32 位 OS、x86 处理器）上的源代码编译的 clang 4.0.0。我正在尝试将我的 cpp 代码编译为 ll 格式的 llvm ir 代码。这是使用 clang 编译失败的示例代码：

#include <windows.h>
#include <tlhelp32.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <mapi.h>
#include <memory>
#include<stdio.h>

/* Function to calculate x raised to the power y */
int power(int x, unsigned int y)
{
    if (y == 0)
        return 1;
    else if (y%2 == 0)
        return power(x, y/2)*power(x, y/2);
    else
        return x*power(x, y/2)*power(x, y/2);
}

/* Program to test function power */
int main()
{
    int x = 2;
    unsigned int y = 3;

    printf("%d", power(x, y));
    return 0;
}

这只是一个示例代码，但它在包括列出的头文件的所有 c++ 代码中都是相同的行为。我使用以下命令将其编译为 llvm ir 代码：

clang++ -S -emit-llvm assiral.cpp -o assiral.ll

编译时出现以下错误：

C:\Sample>clang++ -emit-llvm -S assiral.cpp -o assiral.ll
In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:7:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\cmath:617:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xtgmath.h:9:
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xtr1common:204:22: error:
use of undeclared identifier 'char16_t'
struct _Is_integral<char16_t>
^
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xtr1common:210:22: error:
use of undeclared identifier 'char32_t'
struct _Is_integral<char32_t>
^
In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:6:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\exception:7:
In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\type_traits:6:
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstddef:257:2: error: 'auto'
  return without trailing return type; deduced return types are a C++14 extension
auto _Unfancy(_Ptrty _Ptr)
  ^
  In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:7:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xmemory0:8:
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\limits:612:33: error: use of
  undeclared identifier 'char16_t'
  template<> class numeric_limits<char16_t>
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\limits:902:33: error: use of
  undeclared identifier 'char32_t'
  template<> class numeric_limits<char32_t>
  ^
  In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:7:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xmemory0:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xutility:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\utility:7:
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\iosfwd:254:21: error: use of
  undeclared identifier 'char16_t'
  struct char_traits<char16_t>
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\iosfwd:263:21: error: use of
  undeclared identifier 'char32_t'
  struct char_traits<char32_t>
  ^
  In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:7:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xmemory0:10:
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xutility:698:2: error:
  'auto' return without trailing return type; deduced return types are a C++14 extension
auto _Unchecked_n(_Iter _Src, _Diff)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xutility:742:2: error:
  'auto' return without trailing return type; deduced return types are a C++14 extension
auto _Unchecked_n_backward(_Iter _Src, _Diff)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xutility:1142:12: error:
  deduced return types are a C++14 extension
constexpr decltype(auto) _Operator_arrow(_Iterator&& _Target, false_type)
  ^
  In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:7:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:6:
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xmemory0:356:2: error:
  'auto' return without trailing return type; deduced return types are a C++14 extension
auto _Const_cast(_Ptrty _Ptr)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xmemory0:366:2: error:
  'auto' return without trailing return type; deduced return types are a C++14 extension
auto _Const_cast(_Ty * _Ptr)
  ^
  In file included from assiral.cpp:3:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\fstream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\includem:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ostream:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\ios:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocnum:10:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\streambuf:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xiosbase:6:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xlocale:8:
  In file included from C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\stdexcept:7:
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:75:2: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Start_at; ; ++_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:119:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Min_value(_Start_at, _Hay_size - _Needle_size); ; --_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:144:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Min_value(_Start_at, _Hay_size - 1); ; --_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:169:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Start_at; _Match_try < _End; ++_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:188:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Min_value(_Start_at, _Hay_size - 1); ; --_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:213:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Start_at; _Match_try < _End; ++_Match_try)
  ^
  C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio17\Enterprise\VC\Tools\MSVC.11.25503\include\xstring:233:3: error:
  statement not allowed in constexpr function
  for (auto _Match_try = _Haystack + _Start_at; _Match_try < _End; ++_Match_try)
  ^
  fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
  20 errors generated.

我希望在运行命令后生成字节码文件（.ll 文件）。我看过许多帖子，其中介绍了一个标志：'-fms-compatibility-version=19' 以及命令。但是，添加的标志被标记为未知参数。我正在使用 MSVS 2017。也许我错误地使用了这个标志。但我已经陷入僵局一天了。任何帮助或建议将不胜感激。

Answer 1

已通过在环境变量 INCLUDE 中向 header 文件添加正确的路径来解决此问题。修复路径后，我的大部分错误都得到了解决。这包括编译引用某些 header 的 c++ 文件（如 windows.h 时给出找不到文件的错误。

Link 关于如何做同样的事情：List all environment variables from command line?

您还可以解决另一个问题：

link fatal error lnk1104 cannot open file 'libcmt.lib'

通过将 LIBPATH 环境变量设置为指向 libcmt.lib 文件的正确位置。我在以下位置找到了我的：

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\lib

这些琐碎的问题让我花了好几天时间才弄清楚。希望这能为其他人省去同样的麻烦。

windows 中的 Clang++ 4.0.0 编译错误

Clang++ 4.0.0 compilation error in windows

c++

windows

clang

llvm-clang

visual-studio-2017