如何在ggplot2中绘制数据点上方和下方的列
How to plot columns above and below data points in ggplot2
我使用 ggplot2 绘制了三个地点的 15 个物种的百分比值（每个物种出现在每个地点）。与站点 'C' 关联的数据点是我的参考点。
现在，我不想将站点 'A' 和 'B' 绘制为点，而是想使用垂直线或 column-like 结构来显示它们。因此，这些数据点应作为垂直线延伸到站点 'C' 点（绿色）的顶部或底部，即值大于参考值的顶部和底部值较小的值。
具体来说，我希望有一条从红点到绿点的红线和一条从蓝点到绿点的蓝线。理想情况下，红线应与红点具有相同的宽度（蓝色也相同）。这条线也应该像红色和蓝色点（相对于绿色点）一样偏移，这样线条就不会重叠。最后，线不应该到中心，而是到一个点的边缘。
为此，我为 'A' 和 'B' 设置了偏移点，并将它们的大小减小到参考点大小的一半。
library(ggplot2)
MyData$species <- as.character(MyData$species)
MyData$species <- factor(MyData$species, levels=unique(MyData$species))
pos <- position_dodge(width=0.21)
cols <- c("C" = "darkgreen", "B" = "blue", "A" = "red")
tiff(file = "MyData.tiff", height=10, width=10, units="in", res=300, compression="lzw")
ggplot(data = MyData, aes(x=species, y=value, group=site, colour=site)) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 4, shape=15, alpha=1, position=pos) +
geom_line(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 2, lwd=2, alpha=0.4, show_guide=FALSE) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site!="C"), size = 1.8, shape=15, alpha=1, position = pos) +
scale_colour_manual(values = cols) +
xlab("Species") +
ylab("Value (%)") +
scale_y_continuous(expand=c(0.01,0.01),
limits=c(0.0,100),
breaks=c(0,20,40,60,80,100),
labels=c("0","20","40","60","80","100")) +
theme_bw() +
theme(legend.position="none") +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.x = element_text(vjust=0.4, size=14, angle=90, hjust=1.0)) +
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold", size=14, angle=0)) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_blank(), panel.grid.major=element_blank()) +
theme(panel.border = element_rect(size=1, color = "black")) +
theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.3,0.4,0.3,0.3),"lines"))
dev.off()
这是我目前的剧情。所以基本上，我想用延伸到绿点（不重叠）的线替换红点和蓝点。
非常感谢您就此提出优雅解决方案的任何建议。
这是我的数据集的 dput()。
structure(list(site = structure(c(3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L,
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("A", "B", "C"), class = "factor"),
species = structure(c(13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L, 9L, 12L, 10L,
6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L, 9L, 12L,
10L, 6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L,
9L, 12L, 10L, 6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L), .Label = c("Species 1",
"Species 10", "Species 11", "Species 12", "Species 13", "Species 14",
"Species 15", "Species 2", "Species 3", "Species 4", "Species 5",
"Species 6", "Species 7", "Species 8", "Species 9"), class = "factor"),
value = c(2, 3.25, 3.53, 4.31, 4.59, 5.26, 6.02, 6.42, 6.6,
7.26, 8.89, 12.45, 35.62, 72.42, 73.55, 1.36, 2.36, 2.17,
10.34, 6.84, 1.88, 5.09, 7.35, 3.87, 10.55, 6.6, 14.64, 39.57,
88.06, 64.54, 5.03, 12.34, 5.42, 3.63, 5.16, 6.04, 3, 8.94,
3.28, 7.64, 6.25, 21.96, 39.35, 78.55, 47.35)), .Names = c("site",
"species", "value"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-45L))
您可以添加geom_line来绘制垂直线
library(ggplot2)
MyData$species <- as.character(MyData$species)
MyData$species <- factor(MyData$species, levels=unique(MyData$species))
pos <- position_dodge(width=0.21)
cols <- c("C" = "darkgreen", "B" = "blue", "A" = "red")
windows()
ggplot(data = MyData, aes(x=species, y=value, group=site, colour=site)) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 4, shape=15, alpha=1, position=pos) +
geom_line(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 2, lwd=2, alpha=0.4, show_guide=FALSE) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site!="C"), size = 1.8, shape=15, alpha=1, position = pos) +
geom_line(aes(group = species)) + #New code Added
scale_colour_manual(values = cols) +
xlab("Species") +
ylab("Value (%)") +
scale_y_continuous(expand=c(0.01,0.01),
limits=c(0.0,100),
breaks=c(0,20,40,60,80,100),
labels=c("0","20","40","60","80","100")) +
theme_bw() +
theme(legend.position="none") +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.x = element_text(vjust=0.4, size=14, angle=90, hjust=1.0)) +
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold", size=14, angle=0)) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_blank(), panel.grid.major=element_blank()) +
theme(panel.border = element_rect(size=1, color = "black")) +
theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.3,0.4,0.3,0.3),"lines"))
您可以尝试 geom_linerange() 从点 A/B 到点 C 的直线。
为每个 site/species 定义 ymin/ymax 值，并重新排序网站，使 A/B 线下降到 C 点的每一侧：
图书馆（dplyr）
MyData <- MyData %>%
group_by(species) %>%
mutate(value.C = value[site == "C"]) %>%
rowwise() %>%
mutate(value.min = min(value, value.C),
value.max = max(value, value.C)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(site = factor(site, levels = c("A", "C", "B")))
剧情：
# vary dodge width such that the lines drop to the edge of point C
# for your chosen dimensions (for mine 0.5 was about right)
pos <- position_dodge(width = 0.5)
ggplot(data = MyData,
aes(x = species, y = value,
ymin = value.min, ymax = value.max,
group = site, colour = site, size = site)) +
geom_linerange(size = 1.8, alpha = 0.4, position = pos) +
geom_line(data = subset(MyData, site == "C"),
size = 2, lwd = 2, alpha = 0.4) +
geom_point(data = subset(MyData, site == "C"),
size = 4, shape = 15, position = pos) +
scale_color_manual(values = cols) +
theme_classic() +
theme(legend.position = "none")
# + other theme-related settings...
我使用 ggplot2 绘制了三个地点的 15 个物种的百分比值（每个物种出现在每个地点）。与站点 'C' 关联的数据点是我的参考点。
现在，我不想将站点 'A' 和 'B' 绘制为点，而是想使用垂直线或 column-like 结构来显示它们。因此，这些数据点应作为垂直线延伸到站点 'C' 点（绿色）的顶部或底部，即值大于参考值的顶部和底部值较小的值。
具体来说，我希望有一条从红点到绿点的红线和一条从蓝点到绿点的蓝线。理想情况下，红线应与红点具有相同的宽度（蓝色也相同）。这条线也应该像红色和蓝色点（相对于绿色点）一样偏移，这样线条就不会重叠。最后，线不应该到中心，而是到一个点的边缘。
为此，我为 'A' 和 'B' 设置了偏移点，并将它们的大小减小到参考点大小的一半。
library(ggplot2)
MyData$species <- as.character(MyData$species)
MyData$species <- factor(MyData$species, levels=unique(MyData$species))
pos <- position_dodge(width=0.21)
cols <- c("C" = "darkgreen", "B" = "blue", "A" = "red")
tiff(file = "MyData.tiff", height=10, width=10, units="in", res=300, compression="lzw")
ggplot(data = MyData, aes(x=species, y=value, group=site, colour=site)) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 4, shape=15, alpha=1, position=pos) +
geom_line(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 2, lwd=2, alpha=0.4, show_guide=FALSE) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site!="C"), size = 1.8, shape=15, alpha=1, position = pos) +
scale_colour_manual(values = cols) +
xlab("Species") +
ylab("Value (%)") +
scale_y_continuous(expand=c(0.01,0.01),
limits=c(0.0,100),
breaks=c(0,20,40,60,80,100),
labels=c("0","20","40","60","80","100")) +
theme_bw() +
theme(legend.position="none") +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.x = element_text(vjust=0.4, size=14, angle=90, hjust=1.0)) +
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold", size=14, angle=0)) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_blank(), panel.grid.major=element_blank()) +
theme(panel.border = element_rect(size=1, color = "black")) +
theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.3,0.4,0.3,0.3),"lines"))
dev.off()
这是我目前的剧情。所以基本上，我想用延伸到绿点（不重叠）的线替换红点和蓝点。
非常感谢您就此提出优雅解决方案的任何建议。
这是我的数据集的 dput()。
structure(list(site = structure(c(3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L,
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("A", "B", "C"), class = "factor"),
species = structure(c(13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L, 9L, 12L, 10L,
6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L, 9L, 12L,
10L, 6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 13L, 11L, 2L, 14L, 1L,
9L, 12L, 10L, 6L, 8L, 15L, 7L, 3L, 4L, 5L), .Label = c("Species 1",
"Species 10", "Species 11", "Species 12", "Species 13", "Species 14",
"Species 15", "Species 2", "Species 3", "Species 4", "Species 5",
"Species 6", "Species 7", "Species 8", "Species 9"), class = "factor"),
value = c(2, 3.25, 3.53, 4.31, 4.59, 5.26, 6.02, 6.42, 6.6,
7.26, 8.89, 12.45, 35.62, 72.42, 73.55, 1.36, 2.36, 2.17,
10.34, 6.84, 1.88, 5.09, 7.35, 3.87, 10.55, 6.6, 14.64, 39.57,
88.06, 64.54, 5.03, 12.34, 5.42, 3.63, 5.16, 6.04, 3, 8.94,
3.28, 7.64, 6.25, 21.96, 39.35, 78.55, 47.35)), .Names = c("site",
"species", "value"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-45L))
您可以添加geom_line来绘制垂直线
library(ggplot2)
MyData$species <- as.character(MyData$species)
MyData$species <- factor(MyData$species, levels=unique(MyData$species))
pos <- position_dodge(width=0.21)
cols <- c("C" = "darkgreen", "B" = "blue", "A" = "red")
windows()
ggplot(data = MyData, aes(x=species, y=value, group=site, colour=site)) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 4, shape=15, alpha=1, position=pos) +
geom_line(data=subset(MyData, site=="C"), size = 2, lwd=2, alpha=0.4, show_guide=FALSE) +
geom_point(data=subset(MyData, site!="C"), size = 1.8, shape=15, alpha=1, position = pos) +
geom_line(aes(group = species)) + #New code Added
scale_colour_manual(values = cols) +
xlab("Species") +
ylab("Value (%)") +
scale_y_continuous(expand=c(0.01,0.01),
limits=c(0.0,100),
breaks=c(0,20,40,60,80,100),
labels=c("0","20","40","60","80","100")) +
theme_bw() +
theme(legend.position="none") +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.x = element_text(vjust=0.4, size=14, angle=90, hjust=1.0)) +
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(vjust=0.1,face="bold", size=16),
axis.text.y = element_text(face="bold", size=14, angle=0)) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_blank(), panel.grid.major=element_blank()) +
theme(panel.border = element_rect(size=1, color = "black")) +
theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.3,0.4,0.3,0.3),"lines"))
您可以尝试 geom_linerange() 从点 A/B 到点 C 的直线。
为每个 site/species 定义 ymin/ymax 值，并重新排序网站，使 A/B 线下降到 C 点的每一侧：
图书馆（dplyr）
MyData <- MyData %>%
group_by(species) %>%
mutate(value.C = value[site == "C"]) %>%
rowwise() %>%
mutate(value.min = min(value, value.C),
value.max = max(value, value.C)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(site = factor(site, levels = c("A", "C", "B")))
剧情：
# vary dodge width such that the lines drop to the edge of point C
# for your chosen dimensions (for mine 0.5 was about right)
pos <- position_dodge(width = 0.5)
ggplot(data = MyData,
aes(x = species, y = value,
ymin = value.min, ymax = value.max,
group = site, colour = site, size = site)) +
geom_linerange(size = 1.8, alpha = 0.4, position = pos) +
geom_line(data = subset(MyData, site == "C"),
size = 2, lwd = 2, alpha = 0.4) +
geom_point(data = subset(MyData, site == "C"),
size = 4, shape = 15, position = pos) +
scale_color_manual(values = cols) +
theme_classic() +
theme(legend.position = "none")
# + other theme-related settings...