在 C++ 中有选择地替换 std::string 中的 (") 双引号
Selectively replace (") doublequotes in a std::string in C++
我想有选择地替换 C++ 中的 (") 双引号 std::string。
即我想替换字符串中所有出现的 (") 双引号 除了 字符串中 (") 双引号的第一次和最后一次出现。
示例 - 以下代码替换 ALL (") 双引号的出现
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
str = std::regex_replace(str, std::regex("\\""), """);
但是,我不想替换字符串的第一次和最后一次出现。
i.e. in the string i don't want to replace (") just before "Hello" &
the one at the end.
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
场景 1:前导 whitespace/before 尾随空格
后的引号
您可以使用正则表达式将字符串 start/end 处的引号与 leading/trailing 空格一起捕获到第 1 组中,并将匹配所有其他上下文中的引号。然后您需要为每种可能性实现自定义替换:当第 1 组匹配时,您需要将整个匹配粘贴回去,如果没有,用 "
:
替换
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
template<class BidirIt, class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::basic_string<CharT> regex_replace(BidirIt first, BidirIt last,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
std::basic_string<CharT> s;
typename std::match_results<BidirIt>::difference_type
positionOfLastMatch = 0;
auto endOfLastMatch = first;
auto callback = [&](const std::match_results<BidirIt>& match)
{
auto positionOfThisMatch = match.position(0);
auto diff = positionOfThisMatch - positionOfLastMatch;
auto startOfThisMatch = endOfLastMatch;
std::advance(startOfThisMatch, diff);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, startOfThisMatch);
s.append(f(match));
auto lengthOfMatch = match.length(0);
positionOfLastMatch = positionOfThisMatch + lengthOfMatch;
endOfLastMatch = startOfThisMatch;
std::advance(endOfLastMatch, lengthOfMatch);
};
std::sregex_iterator begin(first, last, re), end;
std::for_each(begin, end, callback);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, last);
return s;
}
template<class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::string regex_replace(const std::string& s,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
return regex_replace(s.cbegin(), s.cend(), re, f);
}
std::string my_callback(const std::smatch& m) {
if (m.str(1).length() % 2 == 0) {
return """;
} else {
return m.str(0);
}
}
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
cout << regex_replace(str, regex("(^\s*\"|\"\s*$)|\""), my_callback) << endl;
return 0;
}
参见C++ demo. The callback implemenation by John Martin。
场景 2:在字符串 start/end 处引用
您可以使用
std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)")
如果 "
在开头 (^
) 找到,(?!^)
否定前瞻会失败匹配,如果在结尾 ((?!$)
找到 (?!$)
,则匹配失败 ( $
) 的字符串。
#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
str = std::regex_replace(str, std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)"), """);
std::cout << str << std::endl;
return 0;
}
输出:"Hello people " how are you doing " what are " you upto "
没有正则表达式和 boost 的解决方案
auto aPos1 = aString.find_first_of("\"");
auto aPos2 = aString.find_last_of("\"");
auto aPos = aString.length() - 1;
for( ; aPos > aPos1 ; aPos--)
{
auto aVal = aString.at(aPos);
if(aPos != aPos2 && aPos != aPos1)
{
if(aVal == '\"')
{
aString.erase(aPos,1);
}
}
}
我想有选择地替换 C++ 中的 (") 双引号 std::string。 即我想替换字符串中所有出现的 (") 双引号 除了 字符串中 (") 双引号的第一次和最后一次出现。
示例 - 以下代码替换 ALL (") 双引号的出现
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
str = std::regex_replace(str, std::regex("\\""), """);
但是,我不想替换字符串的第一次和最后一次出现。
i.e. in the string i don't want to replace (") just before "Hello" & the one at the end.
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
场景 1:前导 whitespace/before 尾随空格
后的引号您可以使用正则表达式将字符串 start/end 处的引号与 leading/trailing 空格一起捕获到第 1 组中,并将匹配所有其他上下文中的引号。然后您需要为每种可能性实现自定义替换:当第 1 组匹配时,您需要将整个匹配粘贴回去,如果没有,用 "
:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
template<class BidirIt, class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::basic_string<CharT> regex_replace(BidirIt first, BidirIt last,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
std::basic_string<CharT> s;
typename std::match_results<BidirIt>::difference_type
positionOfLastMatch = 0;
auto endOfLastMatch = first;
auto callback = [&](const std::match_results<BidirIt>& match)
{
auto positionOfThisMatch = match.position(0);
auto diff = positionOfThisMatch - positionOfLastMatch;
auto startOfThisMatch = endOfLastMatch;
std::advance(startOfThisMatch, diff);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, startOfThisMatch);
s.append(f(match));
auto lengthOfMatch = match.length(0);
positionOfLastMatch = positionOfThisMatch + lengthOfMatch;
endOfLastMatch = startOfThisMatch;
std::advance(endOfLastMatch, lengthOfMatch);
};
std::sregex_iterator begin(first, last, re), end;
std::for_each(begin, end, callback);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, last);
return s;
}
template<class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::string regex_replace(const std::string& s,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
return regex_replace(s.cbegin(), s.cend(), re, f);
}
std::string my_callback(const std::smatch& m) {
if (m.str(1).length() % 2 == 0) {
return """;
} else {
return m.str(0);
}
}
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
cout << regex_replace(str, regex("(^\s*\"|\"\s*$)|\""), my_callback) << endl;
return 0;
}
参见C++ demo. The callback implemenation by John Martin。
场景 2:在字符串 start/end 处引用
您可以使用
std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)")
如果 "
在开头 (^
) 找到,(?!^)
否定前瞻会失败匹配,如果在结尾 ((?!$)
找到 (?!$)
,则匹配失败 ( $
) 的字符串。
#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
str = std::regex_replace(str, std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)"), """);
std::cout << str << std::endl;
return 0;
}
输出:"Hello people " how are you doing " what are " you upto "
没有正则表达式和 boost 的解决方案
auto aPos1 = aString.find_first_of("\"");
auto aPos2 = aString.find_last_of("\"");
auto aPos = aString.length() - 1;
for( ; aPos > aPos1 ; aPos--)
{
auto aVal = aString.at(aPos);
if(aPos != aPos2 && aPos != aPos1)
{
if(aVal == '\"')
{
aString.erase(aPos,1);
}
}
}