如何通过 RDP 进入 Azure VMSS 虚拟机
How to RDP into Azure VMSS VMs
按照以下 link，我能够使用支持负载平衡和自动缩放的自定义 VHD 创建 Azure VMSS。
但是使用上面的 link，我必须在同一个 VNET 中创建一个新的 VM，以便 RDP 进入 VMSS 中的 VM。
有什么方法可以直接将 RDP 连接到 VMSS 中的虚拟机？
Are there any way where I can RDP into VM inside VMSS directly ?
根据您的描述，我们可以在该负载均衡器中配置NAT规则。
这是一个模板，使用现有的 VHD 创建 VMSS 并配置 NAT 规则（3389）、负载平衡规则（端口 80）和自动缩放 CPU:
{
"$schema": "http://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"vmSku": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Standard_D1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Size of VMs in the VM Scale Set."
}
},
"sourceImageVhdUri": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "The source of the blob containing the custom image"
}
},
"vmssName": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "String used as a base for naming resources. Must be 3-61 characters in length and globally unique across Azure. A hash is prepended to this string for some resources, and resource-specific information is appended."
},
"maxLength": 61
},
"instanceCount": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "Number of VM instances (100 or less)."
},
"maxValue": 100
},
"adminUsername": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin username on all VMs."
}
},
"adminPassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin password on all VMs."
}
},
"frontEndLBPort": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The front end port to load balance"
},
"defaultValue": 80
},
"backEndLBPort": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The back end port to load balance"
},
"defaultValue": 80
},
"probeIntervalInSeconds": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The interval between load balancer health probes"
},
"defaultValue": 15
},
"numberOfProbes": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The number of probes that need to fail before a VM instance is deemed unhealthy"
},
"defaultValue": 5
},
"probeRequestPath": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "The path used for the load balancer health probe"
},
"defaultValue": "/iisstart.htm"
}
},
"variables": {
"namingInfix": "[toLower(substring(concat(parameters('vmssName'), uniqueString(resourceGroup().id)), 0, 9))]",
"longNamingInfix": "[toLower(parameters('vmssName'))]",
"addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
"subnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
"virtualNetworkName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'vnet')]",
"publicIPAddressName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'pip')]",
"subnetName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'subnet')]",
"loadBalancerName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'lb')]",
"publicIPAddressID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',variables('publicIPAddressName'))]",
"lbID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers',variables('loadBalancerName'))]",
"natPoolName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'natpool')]",
"bePoolName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'bepool')]",
"lbFEName": "loadBalancerFrontEnd",
"lbWebProbeName": "loadBalancerWebProbe",
"natStartPort": 50000,
"natEndPort": 50119,
"natBackendPort": 3389,
"nicName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'nic')]",
"ipConfigName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'ipconfig')]",
"frontEndIPConfigID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/frontendIPConfigurations/loadBalancerFrontEnd')]",
"lbFEIPConfigID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/frontendIPConfigurations/',variables('lbFEName'))]",
"lbBEAddressPoolID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/backendAddressPools/',variables('bePoolName'))]",
"lbWebProbeID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/probes/',variables('lbWebProbeName'))]",
"computeApiVersion": "2016-04-30-preview",
"networkApiVersion": "2016-03-30",
"storageApiVersion": "2015-06-15",
"insightsApiVersion": "2015-04-01"
},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[variables('addressPrefix')]"
]
},
"subnets": [
{
"name": "[variables('subnetName')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[variables('subnetPrefix')]"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"name": "[variables('publicIPAddressName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"properties": {
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"dnsSettings": {
"domainNameLabel": "[variables('longNamingInfix')]"
}
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
"name": "[variables('loadBalancerName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/', variables('publicIPAddressName'))]"
],
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfigurations": [
{
"name": "LoadBalancerFrontEnd",
"properties": {
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[variables('publicIPAddressID')]"
}
}
}
],
"backendAddressPools": [
{
"name": "[variables('bePoolName')]"
}
],
"inboundNatPools": [
{
"name": "[variables('natPoolName')]",
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "[variables('frontEndIPConfigID')]"
},
"protocol": "tcp",
"frontendPortRangeStart": "[variables('natStartPort')]",
"frontendPortRangeEnd": "[variables('natEndPort')]",
"backendPort": "[variables('natBackendPort')]"
}
}
],
"loadBalancingRules": [
{
"name": "weblb",
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "[variables('lbFEIPConfigID')]"
},
"backendAddressPool": {
"id": "[variables('lbBEAddressPoolID')]"
},
"probe": {
"id": "[variables('lbWebProbeID')]"
},
"protocol": "tcp",
"frontendPort": "[parameters('frontEndLBPort')]",
"backendPort": "[parameters('backEndLBPort')]",
"enableFloatingIP": false
}
}
],
"probes": [
{
"name": "[variables('lbWebProbeName')]",
"properties": {
"protocol": "Http",
"port": "[parameters('backEndLBPort')]",
"intervalInSeconds": "[parameters('probeIntervalInSeconds')]",
"numberOfProbes": "[parameters('numberOfProbes')]",
"requestPath": "[parameters('probeRequestPath')]"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets",
"name": "[variables('namingInfix')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('computeApiVersion')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'))]",
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
],
"sku": {
"name": "[parameters('vmSku')]",
"tier": "Standard",
"capacity": "[parameters('instanceCount')]"
},
"properties": {
"overprovision": "true",
"upgradePolicy": {
"mode": "Manual"
},
"virtualMachineProfile": {
"storageProfile": {
"osDisk": {
"name": "vmssosdisk",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"osType": "Windows",
"image": {
"uri": "[parameters('sourceImageVhdUri')]"
}
}
},
"osProfile": {
"computerNamePrefix": "[variables('namingInfix')]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
"adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]"
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaceConfigurations": [
{
"name": "[variables('nicName')]",
"properties": {
"primary": "true",
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "[variables('ipConfigName')]",
"properties": {
"subnet": {
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'), '/subnets/', variables('subnetName'))]"
},
"loadBalancerBackendAddressPools": [
{
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'), '/backendAddressPools/', variables('bePoolName'))]"
}
],
"loadBalancerInboundNatPools": [
{
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'), '/inboundNatPools/', variables('natPoolName'))]"
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Insights/autoscaleSettings",
"apiVersion": "[variables('insightsApiVersion')]",
"name": "autoscalewad",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]"
],
"properties": {
"name": "autoscalewad",
"targetResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"enabled": true,
"profiles": [
{
"name": "Profile1",
"capacity": {
"minimum": "1",
"maximum": "10",
"default": "1"
},
"rules": [
{
"metricTrigger": {
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": "",
"metricResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"statistic": "Average",
"timeWindow": "PT5M",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"operator": "GreaterThan",
"threshold": 60.0
},
"scaleAction": {
"direction": "Increase",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "1",
"cooldown": "PT1M"
}
},
{
"metricTrigger": {
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": "",
"metricResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"statistic": "Average",
"timeWindow": "PT5M",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"operator": "LessThan",
"threshold": 30.0
},
"scaleAction": {
"direction": "Decrease",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "1",
"cooldown": "PT5M"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
更多关于此模板的信息，请参考此link。
如果您不想创建跳转框，在某些地区，Azure Bastion 是替代方法。点击VM实例名称可以看到菜单blade
Bastion
按照以下 link，我能够使用支持负载平衡和自动缩放的自定义 VHD 创建 Azure VMSS。
但是使用上面的 link，我必须在同一个 VNET 中创建一个新的 VM，以便 RDP 进入 VMSS 中的 VM。
有什么方法可以直接将 RDP 连接到 VMSS 中的虚拟机？
Are there any way where I can RDP into VM inside VMSS directly ?
根据您的描述，我们可以在该负载均衡器中配置NAT规则。
这是一个模板，使用现有的 VHD 创建 VMSS 并配置 NAT 规则（3389）、负载平衡规则（端口 80）和自动缩放 CPU:
{
"$schema": "http://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"vmSku": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Standard_D1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Size of VMs in the VM Scale Set."
}
},
"sourceImageVhdUri": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "The source of the blob containing the custom image"
}
},
"vmssName": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "String used as a base for naming resources. Must be 3-61 characters in length and globally unique across Azure. A hash is prepended to this string for some resources, and resource-specific information is appended."
},
"maxLength": 61
},
"instanceCount": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "Number of VM instances (100 or less)."
},
"maxValue": 100
},
"adminUsername": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin username on all VMs."
}
},
"adminPassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin password on all VMs."
}
},
"frontEndLBPort": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The front end port to load balance"
},
"defaultValue": 80
},
"backEndLBPort": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The back end port to load balance"
},
"defaultValue": 80
},
"probeIntervalInSeconds": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The interval between load balancer health probes"
},
"defaultValue": 15
},
"numberOfProbes": {
"type": "int",
"metadata": {
"description": "The number of probes that need to fail before a VM instance is deemed unhealthy"
},
"defaultValue": 5
},
"probeRequestPath": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "The path used for the load balancer health probe"
},
"defaultValue": "/iisstart.htm"
}
},
"variables": {
"namingInfix": "[toLower(substring(concat(parameters('vmssName'), uniqueString(resourceGroup().id)), 0, 9))]",
"longNamingInfix": "[toLower(parameters('vmssName'))]",
"addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
"subnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
"virtualNetworkName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'vnet')]",
"publicIPAddressName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'pip')]",
"subnetName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'subnet')]",
"loadBalancerName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'lb')]",
"publicIPAddressID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',variables('publicIPAddressName'))]",
"lbID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers',variables('loadBalancerName'))]",
"natPoolName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'natpool')]",
"bePoolName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'bepool')]",
"lbFEName": "loadBalancerFrontEnd",
"lbWebProbeName": "loadBalancerWebProbe",
"natStartPort": 50000,
"natEndPort": 50119,
"natBackendPort": 3389,
"nicName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'nic')]",
"ipConfigName": "[concat(variables('namingInfix'), 'ipconfig')]",
"frontEndIPConfigID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/frontendIPConfigurations/loadBalancerFrontEnd')]",
"lbFEIPConfigID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/frontendIPConfigurations/',variables('lbFEName'))]",
"lbBEAddressPoolID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/backendAddressPools/',variables('bePoolName'))]",
"lbWebProbeID": "[concat(variables('lbID'),'/probes/',variables('lbWebProbeName'))]",
"computeApiVersion": "2016-04-30-preview",
"networkApiVersion": "2016-03-30",
"storageApiVersion": "2015-06-15",
"insightsApiVersion": "2015-04-01"
},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[variables('addressPrefix')]"
]
},
"subnets": [
{
"name": "[variables('subnetName')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[variables('subnetPrefix')]"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"name": "[variables('publicIPAddressName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"properties": {
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"dnsSettings": {
"domainNameLabel": "[variables('longNamingInfix')]"
}
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
"name": "[variables('loadBalancerName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('networkApiVersion')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/', variables('publicIPAddressName'))]"
],
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfigurations": [
{
"name": "LoadBalancerFrontEnd",
"properties": {
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[variables('publicIPAddressID')]"
}
}
}
],
"backendAddressPools": [
{
"name": "[variables('bePoolName')]"
}
],
"inboundNatPools": [
{
"name": "[variables('natPoolName')]",
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "[variables('frontEndIPConfigID')]"
},
"protocol": "tcp",
"frontendPortRangeStart": "[variables('natStartPort')]",
"frontendPortRangeEnd": "[variables('natEndPort')]",
"backendPort": "[variables('natBackendPort')]"
}
}
],
"loadBalancingRules": [
{
"name": "weblb",
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "[variables('lbFEIPConfigID')]"
},
"backendAddressPool": {
"id": "[variables('lbBEAddressPoolID')]"
},
"probe": {
"id": "[variables('lbWebProbeID')]"
},
"protocol": "tcp",
"frontendPort": "[parameters('frontEndLBPort')]",
"backendPort": "[parameters('backEndLBPort')]",
"enableFloatingIP": false
}
}
],
"probes": [
{
"name": "[variables('lbWebProbeName')]",
"properties": {
"protocol": "Http",
"port": "[parameters('backEndLBPort')]",
"intervalInSeconds": "[parameters('probeIntervalInSeconds')]",
"numberOfProbes": "[parameters('numberOfProbes')]",
"requestPath": "[parameters('probeRequestPath')]"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets",
"name": "[variables('namingInfix')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"apiVersion": "[variables('computeApiVersion')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'))]",
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
],
"sku": {
"name": "[parameters('vmSku')]",
"tier": "Standard",
"capacity": "[parameters('instanceCount')]"
},
"properties": {
"overprovision": "true",
"upgradePolicy": {
"mode": "Manual"
},
"virtualMachineProfile": {
"storageProfile": {
"osDisk": {
"name": "vmssosdisk",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"osType": "Windows",
"image": {
"uri": "[parameters('sourceImageVhdUri')]"
}
}
},
"osProfile": {
"computerNamePrefix": "[variables('namingInfix')]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
"adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]"
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaceConfigurations": [
{
"name": "[variables('nicName')]",
"properties": {
"primary": "true",
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "[variables('ipConfigName')]",
"properties": {
"subnet": {
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'), '/subnets/', variables('subnetName'))]"
},
"loadBalancerBackendAddressPools": [
{
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'), '/backendAddressPools/', variables('bePoolName'))]"
}
],
"loadBalancerInboundNatPools": [
{
"id": "[concat('/subscriptions/', subscription().subscriptionId,'/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/', variables('loadBalancerName'), '/inboundNatPools/', variables('natPoolName'))]"
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Insights/autoscaleSettings",
"apiVersion": "[variables('insightsApiVersion')]",
"name": "autoscalewad",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]"
],
"properties": {
"name": "autoscalewad",
"targetResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"enabled": true,
"profiles": [
{
"name": "Profile1",
"capacity": {
"minimum": "1",
"maximum": "10",
"default": "1"
},
"rules": [
{
"metricTrigger": {
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": "",
"metricResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"statistic": "Average",
"timeWindow": "PT5M",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"operator": "GreaterThan",
"threshold": 60.0
},
"scaleAction": {
"direction": "Increase",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "1",
"cooldown": "PT1M"
}
},
{
"metricTrigger": {
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": "",
"metricResourceUri": "[concat('/subscriptions/',subscription().subscriptionId, '/resourceGroups/', resourceGroup().name, '/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/', variables('namingInfix'))]",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"statistic": "Average",
"timeWindow": "PT5M",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"operator": "LessThan",
"threshold": 30.0
},
"scaleAction": {
"direction": "Decrease",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "1",
"cooldown": "PT5M"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
更多关于此模板的信息，请参考此link。
如果您不想创建跳转框，在某些地区，Azure Bastion 是替代方法。点击VM实例名称可以看到菜单blade Bastion
