CSS 当父内容以图像作为子内容,并且其他元素具有不透明度时,堆栈顺序会发生变化

CSS stack order changes when parent content has image as child, and also other element has opacity

我在编码 css 时发现了奇怪的行为,特别是使用负边距将元素堆叠在其他元素上。

我理解自然的堆栈顺序,当元素重叠时,后面的元素总是在最上面(不使用相对、绝对定位)。

问题1:为什么前面的元素有图片元素,后面的元素在图片下面?

问题2:而且,当后面的元素不透明度为1以外时,后面的元素覆盖前面的元素(设置回自然顺序?)

HTML:

<div class="box sample1">
        <img src="http://fillmurray.com/100/100" alt="">
</div>
<div class="box sample1-2">opacity: 1</div>


<div class="box sample1-3">
    <img src="http://fillmurray.com/100/100" alt="">
</div>
<div class="box sample1-4">opacity: .9</div>

SCSS:

.box {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
}
.child {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
}
.sample1 {
    background-color: yellow;
    width: 300px !important;
}
.sample1-2 {
    background-color: red;
    margin-top: -40px;

    .child {
        // background-color: green;
    }
}

.sample1-3 {
    // opacity: .9;
    width: 300px;
    background-color: green;
}
.sample1-4 {
    opacity: .9; //this changes stack order
    background-color: red;
    margin-top: -40px;
}

演示: https://jsfiddle.net/nori2tae/4w62t746/8/

需要一点解释,谢谢。

Question1: Why If former element has image element, later element go under the image?

这是因为在相同的堆叠上下文中 - 内联级元素(例如图像)绘制在非内联级元素之上(参见

This article 有一个很好的图像来总结相同堆叠上下文中元素的堆叠顺序:

Question2: Moreover, when later element has opacity other than 1, later element go over the former element (set back to natural order?)

因为在不透明度值小于1的元素上形成了新的层叠上下文

来自 the spec:(大胆的矿)

If an element with opacity less than 1 is positioned, the ‘z-index’ property applies as described in [CSS21], except that ‘auto’ is treated as ‘0’ since a new stacking context is always created.

查看有关堆叠上下文的所有 this MDN article