Docker 卷不持久更改

Docker Volumes not persisting changes

认为这是一个由两部分组成的错误,但背后的故事是我正在尝试学习Docker。我想学习它以便在 Google 云平台上进行一些测试,并且我已经使用 Docker 文件创建了图像,但是我的机器上的文件持久更改存在问题或在容器内。

Docker文件(以备不时之需)

FROM ubuntu:latest
# Use Ubuntu as the base
RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y install curl git
# update & updgrade all the apps. Also install cURL and Git (needed for node, apparently?)
RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash - 
# download the node 8.x setup (don't know the words on that one) file
RUN apt-get install -y nodejs
# Install NodeJS
RUN mkdir /var/www/ && mkdir /var/www/app/
# create the directory /var/www/ and then, inside of that directory, create the var/www/app/
WORKDIR /var/www/app/
# our work directory is the app directory
VOLUME /var/www/app
ADD . .
# add everything in the current directory on our file system to the work directory in our container
RUN npm install
# node apps need to have their dependencies installed
CMD ["npm", "start"]
#The command used when the docker container is run.

请注意,我确实知道已经存在一些 NodeJS 图像——这对我来说是一个学习练习,所以我从头开始。将来我可能会使用其中一张预建的 docker 图片。

穿过建筑物我没有收到任何错误。我确实收到了警告,但我在每个容器上都看到了警告,因为我在 Windows 机器上工作模拟 linux 机器。

现在,在我的工作中,我们有几个 Docker 文件容器供我参考,我查找的其中一件事是我在编辑器中所做的文件更改如何持久保存到复制到容器中的文件。这似乎是通过 docker-compose.yml 文件中的 volume 选项实现的。因此,我尝试自己创建一个。请注意,我已经根据我对它们的理解对 docker 文件进行了评论。如果我错了,或者完全正确,请纠正我,因为我想以正确的方式学习。

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
#what docker-compose version are we using? 3.
services:
  #describes the services to be build when this is composed up 
  web:
    # we will have a web service -- in the future I will obviously need to have some form of database
    build: ./
    #where do we build this image from? the Dockerfile in this directory
    image: dockertest_node
    #what image will be named "dockertest_node" on my machine
    container_name: node_test
    #this container (once build), however, will be titled "node_test" to make it easier to work with and run docker exec commands
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www/app
      #volumes, as I understand them, are a map from acutal file system -> containerized file system
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
      # we expose port 8080 from my local machine to port 8080 on the container's machine.

这是目前项目中的两个文件。这些都是简单的事情,只是为了让我开始。

index.js

const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.get('/', (req,res)=>{
    res.send('hello world, from express!');
});

app.listen(8080, (err)=>{
    if(err) {
        console.error(err);
        return 1;
    }
    console.log('server started');
});

package.json

{
  "name": "docker-test",
  "version": "0.0.0",
  "description": "Testing",
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "^4.0.0",
    "bootstrap":"4.0.0-beta",
    "jquery": "^3.0.0",
    "popper.js":"^1.11.0"
  },
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node index.js"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC"
}

各种其他信息

Docker 版本(从 docker -v 中检索)

Docker version 17.09.1-ce, build 19e2cf6

我在 Windows 10 Pro

上为 Windows 使用 Docker

现在如果我尝试 运行 docker-compose up 我会收到以下错误

Starting node_test ...
Starting node_test ... done
Attaching to node_test
node_test |
node_test | > docker-test@0.0.0 start /var/www/app
node_test | > node index.js
node_test |
node_test | module.js:538
node_test |     throw err;
node_test |     ^
node_test |
node_test | Error: Cannot find module 'express'
node_test |     at Function.Module._resolveFilename (module.js:536:15)
node_test |     at Function.Module._load (module.js:466:25)
node_test |     at Module.require (module.js:579:17)
node_test |     at require (internal/module.js:11:18)
node_test |     at Object.<anonymous> (/var/www/app/index.js:1:79)
node_test |     at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
node_test |     at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
node_test |     at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
node_test |     at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)
node_test |     at Function.Module._load (module.js:489:3)
node_test | npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
node_test | npm ERR! errno 1
node_test | npm ERR! docker-test@0.0.0 start: `node index.js`
node_test | npm ERR! Exit status 1
node_test | npm ERR!
node_test | npm ERR! Failed at the docker-test@0.0.0 start script.
node_test | npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
node_test | npm WARN Local package.json exists, but node_modules missing, did you mean to install?
node_test |
node_test | npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
node_test | npm ERR!     /root/.npm/_logs/2017-12-25T22_47_55_509Z-debug.log
node_test exited with code 1

在我将卷相关信息添加到 .yml 文件和 Docker 文件本身之前,它没有出现。但是,我可以使用命令 docker exec -p 8080:8080 -it dockertest_node bash 登录容器,在那里我可以手动 运行 npm start 没有问题。

但是如果我在容器中时 touch something.txt 文件仅在容器中创建;反之亦然,none 我对 index.js 或 package.json 文件所做的更改使其进入容器。

感谢您指出我可能犯的任何错误;我真的在努力学习如何使用 Docker。

作为 ,请确保您在 docker-compose 中安装的卷不会完全覆盖您在图像中放置的内容(使用您的 ADD . 指令Dockerfile)

另请查看类似的练习 aherve/simple-dockerized-dev-env issue 2

It's because the hello service is losing the node_modules folder. It needs to be added to the docker-compose.yml file

volumes:
    - .:/var/www/app
    - /app/node_modules

您收到此错误是因为主机和容器之间的第二卷映射确实覆盖了现有数据。有关启动 docker 个容器的更多信息,请访问 this wiki。由于您在 Dockerfile 上安装了 运行 npm,因此您必须确保 mount /node_modules 作为 docker-compose 中的数据卷。

所以要克服这个问题,您需要:

VOLUME /var/www/app
ADD . /var/www/app
RUN npm install

然后在 docker compose yaml 文件中包含:

…
volumes:
    - ./: /var/www/app
    -  /var/www/app/node_modules